1 Definition
1.1 definisi
a sandstone kuning kang fleksibel nalika Cut menyang lancip ngudani
tuff jinis rock digawe saka awu vulkanik luwar saka ngeculake sajrone eruption vulkanik
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
1.2.2 panemu
1.3 Etimologi
saka jeneng sawijining pagunungan ing ngendi iku ketemu; gunung itacolumi ing brasil
saka tembung latin tophous banjur ing tufo italian lan pungkasanipun tuff
1.4 kelas
rocks sedimentary
batuan beku
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, hard rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
1.6 kategori liyane
rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
clastic, granular, atos
clastic, pyroclastic
2.2 werna
ibas, ireng, coklat, wernane, krim, coklat peteng, ijo, grey, ijo enom, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng, pink, abang, putih, kuning
coklat, grey, kuning
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
atos
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior, pawon
aggregates hiasan, entryways, jogan, homes, interior
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
Pabrik semen, kanthi jumlah ongko construction, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, produksi kaca lan keramik, mentahan materi kanggo Pabrik mortir
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
3.2.2 industri medical
durung digunakake
durung digunakake
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen, reca
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
reservoir lenga lan gas, ing lumahing, waduk Petroleum, kondisioner lemah, sumber magnesia (MgO), nisan
nggawe kriya
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
Ora Kasadhiya
gandheng tuff, tuff rhyolitic, basaltic tuff, trachyte tuff, tuff andesitic lan ignimbrite.
4.2 fitur
kasedhiya ing persil saka werna lan patron, umume atos kanggo tutul, rock grained banget nggoleki
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
data ora kasedhiya
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
data ora kasedhiya
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 petroglyphs
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
itacolumite punika rock sedimentary kang formulir saka clasts wedhi-ukuran cemented lan jinis sandstone.
tuff wis kawangun nalika massa gedhe saka awu lan wedhi kang lagi pipis karo gas panas sing luwar dening gunung mbledhos lan longsor kanthi cepet mudhun lereng sawijining.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
kalsit, lempung, mineral lempung, Feldspar, micas, quartz
kalsit, chlorite
5.2.2 senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, kalium oxide, MgO, sodium oxide, silikon dioksida
hidrogen sulfida, belerang dioxide
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
ora ditrapake
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, angin erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
coarse utawa nggoleki
grained nggoleki
6.1.3 rengat
6.1.4 tilas
6.1.5 porosity
Highly keropos
Highly keropos
6.1.6 luster
kurang
vitreous kanggo kurang
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
95.00 n / mm 2243.80 n / mm 2
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
2.2-2.8 g / cm 31-1.8 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.92 kj / kg k0.20 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
7.1.2 africa
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
7.1.3 europe
austria, denmark, germany, great Britain, Aku tresna sampeyan;, norway, Poland, sweden, Swiss, united kingdom
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
7.1.4 wong
Greenland
Antartika, pulo hawaii
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Canada, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Brazil
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
New South Wales, New Zealand
Central Australia, Western Australia