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Tephrite and Scoria


Scoria and Tephrite


Definition

Definition
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock  
Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities  

History
  
  

Origin
Germany  
-  

Discoverer
Van Tooren  
Unknown  

Etymology
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn  
From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Igneous Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
Volcanic  
Volcanic  

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  
Vesicular  

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White  
Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red  

Maintenance
Less  
More  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
No  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
No  

Acid Resistant
No  
No  

Appearance
Vesicular  
Glassy and Vesicular  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
Garden Decoration, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Landscaping  
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner  
As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills  

Types

Types
Igneous rock  
Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria  

Features
Host Rock for Lead  
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.  
Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene  
Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica  

Compound Content
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  
Ca, NaCl  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6.5  
5-6  

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  
Fine Grained  

Fracture
Uneven  
Conchoidal  

Streak
Bluish Black  
White  

Porosity
Very Less Porous  
Highly Porous  

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull  
Subvitreous to Dull  

Compressive Strength
90.00 N/mm2  
32
70.00 N/mm2  
35

Cleavage
Crenulation and Pervasive  
Perfect  

Toughness
2.4  
2.1  

Specific Gravity
2.86  
-9999  

Transparency
Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3  
-9999 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10
0.84 kJ/Kg K  
15

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia  

Africa
Namibia, Uganda  
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania  

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain  
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA  

South America
-  
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia  
New Zealand, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Tephrite and Scoria Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Scoria properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Scoria belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Scoria is Vesicular. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular. The luster of Tephrite and Scoria is subvitreous to dull. Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills.

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