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Gabbro and Anthracite


Anthracite and Gabbro


Definition

Definition
Gabbro is an intrusive igneous rock which is chemically equivalent to plutonic Basalt   
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster   

History
  
  

Origin
Germany   
Pennsylvania, U.S.   

Discoverer
Christian Leopold von Buch   
Unknown   

Etymology
From Latin glaber bare, smooth, bald   
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal   

Class
Igneous Rocks   
Metamorphic Rocks   

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock   
Durable Rock, Soft Rock   

Family
  
  

Group
Plutonic   
Not Applicable   

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock   

Texture

Texture
Phaneritic   
Amorphous, Glassy   

Color
Dark Grey to Black   
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey   

Maintenance
Less   
Less   

Durability
Durable   
Durable   

Water Resistant
Yes   
No   

Scratch Resistant
Yes   
No   

Stain Resistant
Yes   
No   

Wind Resistant
Yes   
No   

Acid Resistant
Yes   
No   

Appearance
Veined and Shiny   
Veined or Pebbled   

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration   
Not Yet Used   

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone   
Not Yet Used   

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing   
Not Yet Used   

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate   
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production   

Medical Industry
Not Yet Used   
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins   

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture   
Not Yet Used   

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Jewelry, Sea Defence, Tombstones   
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry   

Types

Types
Not Available   
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite   

Features
Smooth to touch   
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel   

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Monuments
Data Not Available   
Not Applicable   

Sculpture
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available   
Not Applicable   

Pictographs
Not Used   
Used   

Petroglyphs
Not Used   
Used   

Figurines
Used   
Not Yet Used   

Fossils
Absent   
Absent   

Formation

Formation
Gabbro, a mafic rock, forms due to cooling and crystallization of magma underneath Earth's surface.   
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Augite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene   
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals   

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Trioxide   
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur   

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes   
Yes   

Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism   
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism   

Weathering
Yes   
No   

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering   
Not Applicable   

Erosion
Yes   
No   

Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion   
Not Applicable   

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
7   
1-1.5   

Grain Size
Coarse Grained   
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained   

Fracture
Conchoidal   
Conchoidal   

Streak
Black   
Black   

Porosity
Highly Porous   
Less Porous   

Luster
Not Available   
Shiny   

Compressive Strength
225.00 N/mm2   
7
Not Available   

Cleavage
Not Available   
Non-Existent   

Toughness
1.6   
Not Available   

Specific Gravity
2.86-2.87   
1.1-1.4   

Transparency
Opaque   
Opaque   

Density
2.7-3.3 g/cm3   
1.25-2.5 g/cm3   

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
Not Available   
1.32 kJ/Kg K   
4

Resistance
Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant   
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant   

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
India, Russia   
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam   

Africa
South Africa   
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania   

Europe
Germany, Greece, Italy, Scotland, Turkey   
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom   

Others
Greenland   
Not Yet Found   

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA   
Canada, Mexico, USA   

South America
Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela   
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela   

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Queensland   
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria   

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Gabbro and Anthracite Properties

Know all about Gabbro and Anthracite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gabbro belongs to Igneous Rocks while Anthracite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Gabbro is Phaneritic whereas that of Anthracite is Amorphous, Glassy. Gabbro appears Veined and Shiny and Anthracite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Gabbro is not available while that of Anthracite is shiny. Gabbro is available in dark grey to black colors whereas Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Gabbro are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, laboratory bench tops, jewelry, sea defence, tombstones and that of Anthracite are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry.

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