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Anthracite
Anthracite

Gneiss
Gneiss



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Anthracite
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Anthracite vs Gneiss

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1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster
Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Pennsylvania, U.S.
Unknown
1.2.2 Discoverer
Unknown
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
From the Middle High German verb gneist (to spark; so called because the rock glitters)
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Amorphous, Glassy
Banded, Foliated, Platy
2.2 Color
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
Black, Brown, Pink, Red, White
2.3 Maintenance
Less
More
2.4 Durability
Durable
Durable
1.1.2 Water Resistant
1.1.6 Scratch Resistant
1.2.3 Stain Resistant
1.3.2 Wind Resistant
1.3.3 Acid Resistant
1.4 Appearance
Veined or Pebbled
Foliated
2 Uses
2.1 Architecture
2.1.1 Interior Uses
Not Yet Used
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration
2.1.2 Exterior Uses
Not Yet Used
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
2.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Not Yet Used
Curbing
2.2 Industry
2.2.1 Construction Industry
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
As Dimension Stone
2.2.2 Medical Industry
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins
Not Yet Used
2.3 Antiquity Uses
Not Yet Used
Artifacts
2.4 Other Uses
2.4.1 Commercial Uses
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
Cemetery Markers, Jewelry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums
3 Types
3.1 Types
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite
Augen Gneiss, Henderson Gneiss, Lewisian Gneiss, Archean and Proterozoic Gneiss.
3.2 Features
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock
3.3 Archaeological Significance
3.3.1 Monuments
Not Yet Used
Used
3.3.2 Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Konark Sun Temple in India, Washington Monument, US
3.3.3 Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
3.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
3.3.5 Pictographs
Used
Not Used
3.3.6 Petroglyphs
Used
Not Used
3.3.7 Figurines
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
3.4 Fossils
Absent
Absent
4 Formation
4.1 Formation
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock i.e. it has been subjected to higher temperatures and pressures than schist. It is formed by the metamorphosis of Gneiss forms from volcanic rock, shale or granitie.
4.2 Composition
4.2.1 Mineral Content
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon
4.2.2 Compound Content
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
4.3 Transformation
4.3.1 Metamorphism
4.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
4.3.3 Weathering
4.3.4 Types of Weathering
Not Applicable
Biological Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
4.3.5 Erosion
4.3.6 Types of Erosion
Not Applicable
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion
5 Properties
5.1 Physical Properties
5.1.1 Hardness
1-1.57
Coal
1 7
5.1.2 Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Medium to Coarse Grained
5.1.3 Fracture
Conchoidal
Irregular
5.1.4 Streak
Black
White
5.1.5 Porosity
Less Porous
Very Less Porous
5.1.6 Luster
Shiny
Dull
5.1.7 Compressive Strength
NA125.00 N/mm2
Obsidian
0.15 450
5.1.8 Cleavage
Non-Existent
Poor
5.1.9 Toughness
Not Available
1.2
5.1.10 Specific Gravity
1.1-1.42.5-2.7
Granite
0 8.4
5.1.11 Transparency
Opaque
Translucent to Opaque
5.1.12 Density
1.25-2.5 g/cm32.6-2.9 g/cm3
Granite
0 1400
5.2 Thermal Properties
5.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
1.32 kJ/Kg KNA
Granulite
0.14 3.2
5.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant
6 Reserves
6.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
6.1.1 Asia
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia
6.1.2 Africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Togo
6.1.3 Europe
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom
6.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Not Yet Found
6.2 Deposits in Western Continents
6.2.1 North America
Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA
6.2.2 South America
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
6.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
6.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria

Anthracite vs Gneiss Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Anthracite and Gneiss Reserves. Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster. Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Anthracite vs Gneiss information and Anthracite vs Gneiss characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Anthracite vs Gneiss Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Anthracite vs Gneiss characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Anthracite and Properties of Gneiss. Learn more about Anthracite vs Gneiss in the next section. The interior uses of Anthracite include Not yet used whereas the interior uses of Gneiss include Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Flooring and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Anthracite and Gneiss, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Anthracite in construction industry include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production and that of Gneiss include As dimension stone.

More about Anthracite and Gneiss

Here you can know more about Anthracite and Gneiss. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Anthracite and Gneiss consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals and mineral content of Gneiss includes Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Anthracite vs Gneiss, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas, Gneiss is available in black, brown, pink, red, white colors. Appearance of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled and that of Gneiss is Foliated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Anthracite vs Gneiss. The hardness of Anthracite is 1-1.5 and that of Gneiss is 7. The types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite whereas types of Gneiss are Augen Gneiss, Henderson Gneiss, Lewisian Gneiss, Archean and Proterozoic Gneiss.. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Anthracite is black while that of Gneiss is white. The specific heat capacity of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K and that of Gneiss is Not Available. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant whereas Gneiss is heat resistant, pressure resistant, scratch resistant, wear resistant.