Turbidite

Hornfels

Turbidite vs Hornfels

Turbidite

Hornfels

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

European Foreland Basins

New Zealand

1.2.2 Discoverer

Arnold H. Bouma

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939

From German which means hornstone

1.4 Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Mud-rich, Sandy

Granular, Platy

2.2 Color

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Pink

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

81% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

42% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

19% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

15% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.5 Appearance

Dull and Banded

Dull

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Monuments

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

4 Types

4.1 Types

Not Available

Biotite hornfels

4.2 Features

High silica content, Host Rock for Lead

Smooth to touch

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.5 Pictographs

Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Used

Not Yet Used

4.4 Fossils

Present

Absent

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Coesite, Quartz, Sand

Andalusite

5.2.2 Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO

Fe, Mg

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

50% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering

5.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

77% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

2-3

6.1.2 Grain Size

Fine to Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

6.1.3 Fracture

Splintery

Conchoidal

6.1.4 Streak

White, Greenish White or Grey

Unknown

6.1.5 Porosity

Very Less Porous

Highly Porous

6.1.6 Luster

Metallic

Shiny

6.1.7 Compressive Strength

Flint

⊕

▶

▼

200.00 N/mm²

Rank: 10 (Overall)▶

5.80 N/mm²

Rank: 31 (Overall)▶

▲

Obsidian

⊕

▶

175 (Granite)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

6.1.8 Cleavage

Disjunctive

Perfect

6.1.9 Toughness

2.4

Not Yet Found

6.1.10 Specific Gravity

2.46-2.73

3.4-3.9

6.1.11 Transparency

Opaque

6.1.12 Density

1.6-2.5 g/cm³

0.25-0.30 g/cm³

6.2 Thermal Properties

6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

Banded iron for..

⊕

▶

▼

0.92 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 10 (Overall)▶

0.84 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 15 (Overall)▶

▲

Granulite

⊕

▶

1.09 (Travertine)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

6.2.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

7 Reserves

7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

7.1.1 Asia

Not Yet Found

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

7.1.2 Africa

Western Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

7.1.3 Europe

Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom

United Kingdom

7.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

7.2 Deposits in Western Continents

7.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

7.2.2 South America

Brazil, Colombia

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

7.3.1 Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Turbidite vs Hornfels Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Turbidite and Hornfels Reserves. A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Turbidite vs Hornfels information and Turbidite vs Hornfels characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Turbidite vs Hornfels Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Turbidite vs Hornfels characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Turbidite and Properties of Hornfels. Learn more about Turbidite vs Hornfels in the next section. The interior uses of Turbidite include Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Turbidite and Hornfels, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Turbidite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement and that of Hornfels include For road aggregate, Roadstone.

More about Turbidite and Hornfels

Here you can know more about Turbidite and Hornfels. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Turbidite and Hornfels consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Turbidite includes Coesite, Quartz, Sand and mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Turbidite vs Hornfels, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Turbidite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, pink colors whereas, Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. Appearance of Turbidite is Dull and Banded and that of Hornfels is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Turbidite vs Hornfels. The hardness of Turbidite is 3 and that of Hornfels is 2-3. The types of Turbidite are Not Available whereas types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Turbidite is white, greenish white or grey while that of Hornfels is unknown. The specific heat capacity of Turbidite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Turbidite is heat resistant whereas Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.