Definition
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock which is composed of recrystallized carbonate which is formed when limestone is exposed to high temperatures and pressures over a long time
History
Origin
Egypt
Discoverer
Unknown
Etymology
From the Greek marmaros, shining stone and also from the English word marmoreal meaning marble-like
Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Family
Group
-
Other Categories
Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Texture
Granular
Color
Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Pink, White
Maintenance
More
Durability
Durable
Water Resistant
✔
✘
81% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Scratch Resistant
✔
✘
65% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Stain Resistant
✔
✘
42% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Wind Resistant
✔
✘
19% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks
Acid Resistant
✔
✘
15% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks
Appearance
Veined and Shiny
Architecture
Interior Uses
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
Other Architectural Uses
-
Industry
Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone
Medical Industry
-
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Other Uses
Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Curling, Laboratory bench tops, Paper Industry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper
Types
Breccia Marble, Carrara Marble, Calacatta marble, Cultured Marble, Polished Marble, Honed Marble, Sand Marble
Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock
Archaeological Significance
Monuments
-
Famous Monuments
Al Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, Buland Darwaza in Agra, India, Capitol Hill Building, Washington DC, Charminar in Hyderabad, India, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Maharashtra, India, Ephesus in Turkey, Faisal Mosque in Islamabad, Pakistan, Humayun's Tomb in Delhi, India, Jama Masjid in Delhi, India, Lotus Temple in New Delhi, India, Louvre in Paris, France, Mysore Palace in Karnataka, India, Neuschwanstein in Bavaria, Palace of Parliament in Bucharest, Romania, Parthenon in Greece, Potala Palace in Lahasa, Tibet, Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, Qutb Minar in India, Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, Russia, St. Peter’s Cathedral in Vatican City, Taj Mahal in Agra, India, Tower of Pisa, Italy, Victoria Memorial in Kolkata, India, Washington Monument, US
Sculpture
-
Famous Sculptures
Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India, Bust of Artemis, Elephanta Caves in Maharashtra, India, Lincoln Memorial in America
Pictographs
-
Petroglyphs
-
Figurines
-
Fossils
Absent
Formation
Marble is a metamorphic rock produced from limestone in the earth crust. It is formed by the metamorphism of limestone.
Composition
Mineral Content
Garnet, Graphite, Olivine, Pyrite, Quartz
Compound Content
CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
Transformation
Metamorphism
✔
✘
50% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
Weathering
✔
✘
65% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Erosion
✔
✘
77% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion
Physical Properties
Hardness
3-4
1
7
👆🏻
Grain Size
Medium Grained
Fracture
-
Streak
White
Porosity
Less Porous
Luster
Dull to Pearly to Subvitreous
Compressive Strength
115.00 N/mm2
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.15
450
👆🏻
Cleavage
Perfect
Toughness
-
Specific Gravity
2.86-2.87
0
8.4
👆🏻
Transparency
Opaque
Density
2.4-2.7 g/cm3
0
1400
👆🏻
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
0.88 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
Resistance
Heat Resistant
Deposits in Eastern Continents
Asia
China, India
Africa
Namibia
Europe
Italy, Spain
Others
-
Deposits in Western Continents
North America
-
South America
-
Deposits in Oceania Continent
Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria