1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Marble is a non-foliated metamorphic rock which is composed of recrystallized carbonate which is formed when limestone is exposed to high temperatures and pressures over a long time
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Egypt
1.2.2 Discoverer
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From the Greek marmaros, shining stone and also from the English word marmoreal meaning marble-like
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Granular
2.2 Color
Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Pink, White
2.3 Maintenance
More
2.4 Durability
Durable
2.4.1 Water Resistant
✔
✘
81% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
✔
✘
65% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
✔
✘
42% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
✔
✘
19% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
✔
✘
15% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
2.5 Appearance
Veined and Shiny
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Not Yet Used
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork, Curling, Laboratory bench tops, Paper Industry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper
4 Types
4.1 Types
Breccia Marble, Carrara Marble, Calacatta marble, Cultured Marble, Polished Marble, Honed Marble, Sand Marble
4.2 Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Al Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, Buland Darwaza in Agra, India, Capitol Hill Building, Washington DC, Charminar in Hyderabad, India, Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Maharashtra, India, Ephesus in Turkey, Faisal Mosque in Islamabad, Pakistan, Humayun's Tomb in Delhi, India, Jama Masjid in Delhi, India, Lotus Temple in New Delhi, India, Louvre in Paris, France, Mysore Palace in Karnataka, India, Neuschwanstein in Bavaria, Palace of Parliament in Bucharest, Romania, Parthenon in Greece, Potala Palace in Lahasa, Tibet, Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, Qutb Minar in India, Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, Russia, St. Peter’s Cathedral in Vatican City, Taj Mahal in Agra, India, Tower of Pisa, Italy, Victoria Memorial in Kolkata, India, Washington Monument, US
4.3.3 Sculpture
Used
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Ajanta Caves in Maharashtra, India, Bust of Artemis, Elephanta Caves in Maharashtra, India, Lincoln Memorial in America
4.3.5 Pictographs
Used
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
Used
4.3.7 Figurines
Used
4.4 Fossils
Absent
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
Marble is a metamorphic rock produced from limestone in the earth crust. It is formed by the metamorphism of limestone.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Garnet, Graphite, Olivine, Pyrite, Quartz
5.2.2 Compound Content
CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
✔
✘
50% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
5.3.3 Weathering
✔
✘
65% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
5.3.5 Erosion
✔
✘
77% - Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
▶
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
6.1.2 Grain Size
Medium Grained
6.1.3 Fracture
Not Available
6.1.4 Streak
White
6.1.5 Porosity
Less Porous
6.1.6 Luster
Dull to Pearly to Subvitreous
6.1.7 Compressive Strength
115.00 N/mm2
Rank: 18 (Overall) ▶
0.15
450
6.1.8 Cleavage
Perfect
6.1.9 Toughness
Not Available
6.1.10 Specific Gravity
6.1.11 Transparency
Opaque
6.1.12 Density
6.2 Thermal Properties
6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
0.88 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 13 (Overall) ▶
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant
7 Reserves
7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
7.1.1 Asia
China, India
7.1.2 Africa
Namibia
7.1.3 Europe
Italy, Spain
7.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
7.2 Deposits in Western Continents
7.2.1 North America
Not Yet Found
7.2.2 South America
Not Yet Found
7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
7.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria