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Chalk
Chalk

Anthracite
Anthracite



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Chalk vs Anthracite

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1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Chalk is a soft, white, powdery limestone consisting mainly of fossil shells of foraminifers
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Unknown
Pennsylvania, U.S.
1.2.2 Discoverer
Unknown
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From old English cealc chalk, lime, plaster; pebble, from Greek khalix small pebble, in English transferred to the opaque, white, soft limestone
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
1.4 Class
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Clastic or Non-Clastic
Amorphous, Glassy
2.2 Color
Grey, White, Yellow
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
2.3 Maintenance
Less
Less
2.4 Durability
Durable
Durable
2.4.1 Water Resistant
59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
81% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
42% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
19% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
15% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.5 Appearance
Soft
Veined or Pebbled
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Not Yet Used
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration
Not Yet Used
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Powder
Not Yet Used
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, raw material for manufacture of quicklime and slaked lime, Source of calcium
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Not Yet Used
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Alumina Refineries, Creating Artwork, Drawing on blackboards, Gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, In aquifers, Paper Industry, Production of Lime, Raw material for manufacture of quicklime, slaked lime, Soil Conditioner, Whiting, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
4 Types
4.1 Types
Not Available
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite
4.2 Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Used
Not Yet Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
4.3.3 Sculpture
Used
Not Yet Used
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
4.3.5 Pictographs
Used
Used
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
Used
Used
4.3.7 Figurines
Used
Not Yet Used
4.4 Fossils
Present
Absent
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
Chalk is formed from lime mud, which accumulates on the sea floor which is then transformed into rock by geological processes.
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals
5.2.2 Compound Content
Ca, NaCl, CaO
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
50% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
5.3.3 Weathering
78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Not Applicable
5.3.5 Erosion
86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
77% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion
Not Applicable
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
1
1-1.5
6.1.2 Grain Size
Very fine-grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
6.1.3 Fracture
Not Available
Conchoidal
6.1.4 Streak
White
Black
6.1.5 Porosity
Highly Porous
Less Porous
6.1.6 Luster
Dull
Shiny
6.1.7 Compressive Strength
Flint
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Obsidian
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6.1.8 Cleavage
Non-Existent
Non-Existent
6.1.9 Toughness
1
Not Available
6.1.10 Specific Gravity
2.3-2.4
1.1-1.4
6.1.11 Transparency
Opaque
Opaque
6.1.12 Density
2.49-2.50 g/cm3
1.25-2.5 g/cm3
6.2 Thermal Properties
6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
Banded iron for..
0.90 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1.32 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Granulite
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6.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant
7 Reserves
7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
7.1.1 Asia
Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
7.1.2 Africa
Cameroon, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
7.1.3 Europe
England, France, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
7.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Not Yet Found
7.2 Deposits in Western Continents
7.2.1 North America
Canada, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
7.2.2 South America
Colombia
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
7.3.1 Australia
Adelaide, New Zealand, Queensland, Tonga, Victoria, Yorke Peninsula
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Chalk vs Anthracite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Chalk and Anthracite Reserves. Chalk is a soft, white, powdery limestone consisting mainly of fossil shells of foraminifers. Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Chalk vs Anthracite information and Chalk vs Anthracite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Chalk vs Anthracite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Chalk vs Anthracite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Chalk and Properties of Anthracite. Learn more about Chalk vs Anthracite in the next section. The interior uses of Chalk include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Anthracite include Not yet used. Due to some exceptional properties of Chalk and Anthracite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Chalk in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for manufacture of quicklime and slaked lime, Source of calcium and that of Anthracite include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production.

More about Chalk and Anthracite

Here you can know more about Chalk and Anthracite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Chalk and Anthracite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Chalk includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand and mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Chalk vs Anthracite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Chalk is available in grey, white, yellow colors whereas, Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Chalk is Soft and that of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled. Properties of rock is another aspect for Chalk vs Anthracite. The hardness of Chalk is 1 and that of Anthracite is 1-1.5. The types of Chalk are Not Available whereas types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Chalk is white while that of Anthracite is black. The specific heat capacity of Chalk is 0.90 kJ/Kg K and that of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Chalk is heat resistant whereas Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant.