1 Definition
1.1 definisi
pumice punika rock vulkanik sing kasusun saka Highly vesicular atos kaca vulkanik tekstur, kang bisa utawa ora bisa ngemot kristal
kimberlite iku langka, biru-tinged, coarse-grained intrusive rock igneous, kang kadhangkala ngandhut perhiasan lan akéh ditemokaké ing africa kidul lan Siberia.
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
1.2.2 panemu
1.3 Etimologi
saka pomis french lawas, saka varian dialect latin saka pumex
saka kimberley + -ite, saka jeneng kutha african kidul kimberley ngendi rock iki pisanan ditemokaké.
1.4 kelas
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, hard rock
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
1.6 kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained coarse, rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
2.2 werna
ibas, wernane, grey, ijo enom, grey cahya, pink, putih, grey yellow-
ireng, bluish - werna abu-abu, coklat, greenish peteng - werna abu-abu, ijo, grey
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
vesicular
kurang lan banded
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, jogan, homes, interior
countertops, aggregates hiasan, homes, interior
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, mapeng watu
minangka watu bangunan, mapeng watu, Taman hiasan
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing, wêdakakêna
curbing
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
minangka watu ukuran, Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, ing babagan seni lan horticulture, nggawe semen alam, produksi pamblokiran beton entheng
minangka flux ing produksi wesi baja lan babi, minangka agen sintering ing industri baja kanggo proses biji wesi, minangka watu ukuran, Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, nggawe semen alam, Pabrik Magnesium lan dolomite refractories
3.2.2 industri medical
Minangka abrasive ana ing produk exfoliating kulit, ing kimia lan pharmaceutical industri, obat-obatan lan kosmetik
dijupuk minangka tambahan kanggo calcium utawa Magnesium
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
minangka materi doyo tarik ing dalan salju-dijamin, minangka abrasive ing erasers potlot, nggoleki abrasive digunakake kanggo polishing, Pabrik sabun, cairan pelarut, alami, plastik lan serat, digunakake ing akuarium
reservoir lenga lan gas, tambahan feed kanggo ternak, gemstone, flux Metallurgical, produksi jeruk, kondisioner lemah, sumber magnesia (MgO)
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
scoria
kimberlites basaltic lan kimberlites micaceous
4.2 fitur
tuan rumah rock kanggo timbal
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero, tuan rumah rock kanggo diamond, iku salah siji saka rock tuwa, lumahan asring mengilap
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
ora ditrapake
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
ora ditrapake
data ora kasedhiya
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 petroglyphs
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
Wangun rock pumice nalika magma cools supaya cepet sing atom ing nyawiji sing ora bisa kanggo ngatur piyambak menyang struktur kristal.
kimberlite iku sawijining rock igneous lan sumber utama perhiasan. tatanan njupuk Panggonan jero ngisor permukaan bumi antarane 150 kanggo 450 kilometer, lan sing njeblug kanthi cepet lan kejem.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
oksida aluminium, kalsit, karbonat, oksida wesi, silika
garnet, olivine, phlogopite, pyroxene
5.2.2 senyawa isi
al, aluminium oxide, cao, karbon dioksida, MgO, silikon dioksida
aluminium oxide, NaCl, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, impact metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
nggoleki kanggo coarse grained
6.1.3 rengat
6.1.4 tilas
putih, greenish putih utawa abu-abu
putih
6.1.5 porosity
Highly keropos
banget kurang keropos
6.1.6 luster
earthy
subvitreous kanggo kurang
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
51.20 n / mm 2ora Sumadhiya
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
opaque
tembus kanggo opaque
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
0.25-0.3 g / cm 32.95-2.96 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.87 kj / kg k0.92 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
impact tahan, meksa tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
Russia
7.1.2 africa
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Ethiopia, South Africa
7.1.3 europe
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
england, hungary, iceland, united kingdom
7.1.4 wong
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA
Canada, USA
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
Argentina, Colombia, Ecuador
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
New Zealand, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia