definisi
basalt punika rock igneous extrusive umum kawangun dening cooling kanthi cepet saka lahar basaltic kapapar ing utawa banget cedhak ing lumahing bumi
obsidian punika kaca vulkanik alami kawangun minangka rock igneous extrusive. diprodhuksi nalika lahar felsic extruded saka gunung mbledhos ndingin kanthi cepet karo wutah kristal minimal
Sajarah
asal
egypt
Ethiopia
panemu
George Agricola
obsius
Etimologi
saka pungkasan basaltes latin (varian saka basanites), watu banget hard, kang diimpor saka basanites greek kuna
saka obsidianus latin, misprint saka obsianus (lapis) (watu) saka obsius
kelas
batuan beku
batuan beku
sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
kulawarga
group
vulkanik
vulkanik
kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock opaque
tektur
glassy, massive, porphyritic, scoriaceous, vesicular
glassy
werna
ireng, coklat, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng
ireng, biru, coklat, ijo, orange, abang, tan, kuning
pangopènan
liyane
kurang
kekiatan
awet
awet
banyu tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
ngeruk tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
rereged tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
angin tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
asam tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
katon
kurang lan alus
mengilap
arsitektur
Efesus interior
kothak lantai, homes, Hotel, pawon
aggregates hiasan, interior
Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, mapeng watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor
Taman hiasan
Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing, whetstones
-
industri
industri construction
arrowheads, minangka watu ukuran, cobblestones, alat nglereni, alur trek ballast, roadstone
arrowheads, alat nglereni, lading, scrapers, TCTerms tumbak
industri medical
-
bedhah
Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen
artefak, perhiasan
Panggunaan sanès
komersial
reservoir lenga lan gas, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya, digunakake ing akuarium
nggawe kriya, mirror, digunakake ing akuarium
jinis
basalt alkalin, boninite, basalt alumina dhuwur, agêng segara Pegunungan basalt (morb), basalt tholeiitic, basaltic trachyandesite, mugearite lan shoshonite
mercon obsidian, mahoni, Sheen obsidian, Snowflake obsidian lan Beludru merak obsidian
fitur
tahan struktural dhuwur marang erosi lan iklim, rock grained banget nggoleki
pamblokiran negativity, mbantu kanggo ngreksa marang depresi
pinunjul arkeologi
monumen
-
-
monumen misuwur
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara, Gateway of India ana ing Mumbai, India, gol Gumbaz ing karnataka, india
-
reca
-
-
patung misuwur
-
-
Pictographs
-
-
petroglyphs
-
-
figurines
-
-
fosil
absen
absen
tatanan
basalt formulir nalika lahar tekan lumahing bumi near vulkanik. suhu lava iku antarane 1100 1250 ° c nalika nemu menyang permukaan.
nalika lahar dirilis saka gunung, iku diwiwiti saka cooling cepet banget kang freezes mekanisme saka crystallization. asil punika kaca vulkanik karo susunan Gamelan seragam.
komposisi
isi Mineral
olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene
-
senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
transformasi
metamorphism
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis metamorphism
kontak metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism
cuaca
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis udan
udan biologi
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
erosi
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis erosi
-
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier
fisik
atose
65-5.5
1
7
👆🏻
ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
-
rengat
conchoidal
conchoidal
tilas
putih kanggo werna abu-abu
putih
porosity
kurang keropos
banget kurang keropos
luster
-
vitreous
kekuatan compressive
37.40 n / mm 20.15 n / mm 2
0.15
450
👆🏻
cleavage
-
-
kateguhan
2.3
-
tartamtu gravitasi
2.8-32.6-2.7
0
8.4
👆🏻
transparan
opaque
tembus
Kapadhetan
2.9-3.1 g / cm 32.6 g / cm 3
0
1400
👆🏻
situs termal
kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.84 kj / kg k0.92 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
resistance
tahan panas, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan
celengan ing bawana wétan
asia
India, Russia
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
africa
South Africa
Kenya
europe
iceland
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
wong
-
-
celengan ing bawana kulon
lor amerika
Canada, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
kidul amerika
Brazil
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
celengan ing Oseania bawana
australia
-
New Zealand