×

Coal
Coal




ADD
Compare

What is Coal?

Add ⊕

Definition

Definition

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds

History

Origin

USA

Discoverer

John Peter Salley

Etymology

From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

-

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Amorphous, Glassy

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

58% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Scratch Resistant

61% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Stain Resistant

42% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Wind Resistant

36% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Acid Resistant

19% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Appearance

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

-

Exterior Uses

-

Other Architectural Uses

-

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production

Medical Industry

-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry

Types

Types

Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite

Features

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-

Famous Monuments

-

Sculpture

-

Famous Sculptures

-

Pictographs

-

Petroglyphs

-

Figurines

-

Fossils

Present

Formation

Formation

Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.

Composition

Mineral Content

Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon

Compound Content

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

17% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

78% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Types of Weathering

-

Erosion

86% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Types of Erosion

-

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

1-1.5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

Black

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

Compressive Strength

-
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-

Toughness

-

Specific Gravity

1.1-1.4
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

1100-1400 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.32 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Europe

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Others

-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA

South America

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Learn more about Properties of Coal

What is Coal? In this section, we will learn more about properties of Coal i.e. physical and thermal properties. Physical properties of Coal include Color, Streak, Hardness, Structure, Cleavage, Fracture, Luster, Specific Gravity etc. The strength of Coal is -. Streak of Coal is black while its cleavage is . Luster of Coal is dull to vitreous to submetallic and its fracture is conchoidal. Coal is opaque in nature. Know all about Coal, What is Coal, its composition, features, facts and reserves in next sections.

Know about Composition of Coal

What is Coal composed of? Get to know about composition of Coal here. Coal definition gives information about the Formation of Coal and its composition.The composition of Coal can be further divided into mineral and compound content. The mineral content of Coal rock includes Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon and The compound content of Coal rock includes Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur. Almost all rocks undergo transformation process. Know all about Coal rock in next section.