Travertine

Marl

Travertine and Marl

Travertine

Marl

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Definition

Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters

Marl is an unconsolidated sedimentary rock consisting of clay and lime

History

Origin

Italy

Discoverer

Marcus Vitruvius Pollio

William Smith

Etymology

From Italian travertino a kind of building stone, from Tiburs, adjective from Tibur (Tivoli), in Italy

From Old French marle, from Late Latin marglia

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Banded

Earthy

Color

Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Red, White, Yellow

Beige, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Fibrous

Rough and Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, Roof Tiles

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Jewellery, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Paper Industry, Pottery

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner

Types

Thermal Travertine and Tufa

Clay Marl ,Blue Marl, Red Marl, High Bank Marl, Shell Layer Marl, Under Shell Layer Marl, Sand Marl, Green Marl, Grey Marl and Clayey Marl

Features

Stalactites and stalagmites are formed from this rock, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock

Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Splintery, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Colosseum in Rome, Italy, Sacré Coeur in Paris, France, Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Formation

Travertine is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock which then undergo sedimentation. They are then subjected to high temperature and pressure hence forming travertine rock.

Marl forms when very fine-grained clay particles are deposited in water which settles at the bottom of water bodies and are compacted by overlying sediment; the water squeezes out and hence forming Marl rock.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz

Calcite, Clay, Dolomite, Gypsum, Micas, Pyrite, Quartz

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl, CaO, Oxygen

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-42-3

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Very fine-grained

Fracture

Splintery

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Dull to Pearly

Dull

Compressive Strength

80.00 N/mm²30.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

2.6

Specific Gravity

1.682.2-2.8

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.71 g/cm³2.4-2.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.09 kJ/Kg K0.80 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, Russia

India, Pakistan, Russia

Africa

Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

Austria, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom

Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Switzerland

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

USA

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador

Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Victoria, Western Australia

All about Travertine and Marl Properties

Know all about Travertine and Marl properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Travertine and Marl belong to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Travertine is Banded whereas that of Marl is Earthy. Travertine appears Fibrous and Marl appears Rough and Dull. The luster of Travertine is dull to pearly while that of Marl is dull. Travertine is available in beige, black, blue, brown, grey, red, white, yellow colors whereas Marl is available in beige, brown, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Travertine are cemetery markers, creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, paper industry, pottery and that of Marl are creating artwork, soil conditioner.