1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Travertine is a mineral consisting of layered calcium carbonate formed by deposition from spring waters
Oil Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock from which oil is extracted
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
1.2.2 Discoverer
Marcus Vitruvius Pollio
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From Italian travertino a kind of building stone, from Tiburs, adjective from Tibur (Tivoli), in Italy
From Old English scealu in its base sense of thing that divides or separate
1.4 Class
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
2.2 Color
Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Grey, Red, White, Yellow
Black, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Red, Yellow
2.3 Maintenance
2.4 Durability
2.4.1 Water Resistant
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
2.5 Appearance
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Not Yet Used
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
Not Yet Used
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Serves as an Oil and Gas Reservoir rock
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Paper Industry, Pottery
An Oil and Gas Reservoir
4 Types
4.1 Types
Not Available
Carbonate-rich Shale, Siliceous Shale and Cannel Shale
4.2 Features
Stalactites and stalagmites are formed from this rock, Surfaces are often shiny, Very fine grained rock
Easily splits into thin plates, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Very fine grained rock
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Colosseum in Rome, Italy, Sacré Coeur in Paris, France, Trevi Fountain in Rome, Italy
Not Applicable
4.3.3 Sculpture
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Not Applicable
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
4.3.7 Figurines
4.4 Fossils
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
Travertine is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock which then undergo sedimentation. They are then subjected to high temperature and pressure hence forming travertine rock.
Oil Shale forms on the beds of seas and lakes and its formation starts with the organic debris settling and accumulating at the bottom of a lake or sea which are then transformed into rock with the help of high temperature and pressure.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz
Albite, Biotite, Calcite, Chert, Chlorite, Dolomite, Hematite, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Silica, Sulfides
5.2.2 Compound Content
Ca, NaCl, CaO, Oxygen
Ca, Fe, Mg, Silicon Dioxide, Sodium
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
5.3.3 Weathering
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
5.3.5 Erosion
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
6.1.7 Grain Size
Fine Grained
Very fine-grained
6.1.8 Fracture
6.1.9 Streak
6.1.10 Porosity
Highly Porous
Highly Porous
6.1.11 Luster
6.1.12 Compressive Strength
6.2.2 Cleavage
6.2.3 Toughness
6.2.4 Specific Gravity
6.2.5 Transparency
6.2.6 Density
2.71 g/cm32.4-2.8 g/cm3
0
1400
7.4 Thermal Properties
7.4.1 Specific Heat Capacity
1.09 kJ/Kg K0.39 kJ/Kg K
0.14
3.2
1.4.1 Resistance
Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
2 Reserves
2.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
2.1.1 Asia
China, Russia
Bangladesh, China, India, Israel, Jordan, Russia, Syria, Thailand, Turkey
2.1.2 Africa
Not Yet Found
Ethiopia, Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
2.2.2 Europe
Austria, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom
Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Romania, Scotland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
2.3.1 Others
Not Yet Found
Greenland, Not Yet Found
3.4 Deposits in Western Continents
3.4.1 North America
3.5.1 South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador
Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela
3.6 Deposits in Oceania Continent
3.6.1 Australia
Not Yet Found
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia