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Tephrite and Trachyte


Trachyte and Tephrite


Definition

Definition
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock  
Trachyte is a grey fine-grained volcanic rock which mainly consists of alkali feldspar  

History
  
  

Origin
Germany  
-  

Discoverer
Van Tooren  
Alexandre Brongniart and René Just Haüy  

Etymology
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn  
From Greek trakhus rough’ or trakhutēs roughness  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Igneous Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
Volcanic  
Volcanic  

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White  
Black, Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Grey, Light to Dark Grey, White  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Acid Resistant
No  
No  

Appearance
Vesicular  
Banded  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Landscaping  
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture  
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner  
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork  

Types

Types
Igneous rock  
Felsic volcanic rock  

Features
Host Rock for Lead  
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock, Matrix variable  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.  
Trachyte is an igneous volcanic rock with an aphanitic to porphyritic texture. It is the volcanic equivalent of syenite rock and forms as a result of magmatic differentiation.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene  
Augite, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Plagioclase, Quartz  

Compound Content
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6.5  
6  

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  
Fine Grained  

Fracture
Uneven  
-  

Streak
Bluish Black  
White  

Porosity
Very Less Porous  
Less Porous  

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull  
Metallic  

Compressive Strength
90.00 N/mm2  
32
150.00 N/mm2  
22

Cleavage
Crenulation and Pervasive  
-  

Toughness
2.4  
-  

Specific Gravity
2.86  
2.7  

Transparency
Opaque  
Opaque  

Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3  
2.43-2.45 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10
0.84 kJ/Kg K  
15

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam  

Africa
Namibia, Uganda  
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa  

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain  
Bulgaria, England, Germany, Norway, Romania, Switzerland  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
USA  

South America
-  
Brazil, Chile  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia  
New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Tephrite and Trachyte Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Trachyte properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Trachyte belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Trachyte is Aphanitic to Porphyritic. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Trachyte appears Banded. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Trachyte is metallic. Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Trachyte is available in black, brown, dark greenish - grey, green, grey, light to dark grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Trachyte are cemetery markers, creating artwork.

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