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Tephrite and Pegmatite


Pegmatite and Tephrite


Definition

Definition
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock  
Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals  

History
  
  

Origin
Germany  
-  

Discoverer
Van Tooren  
R. J. Hauy  

Etymology
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn  
From Greek pegma, pegmat which means- thing joined together + -ite  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Igneous Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
Volcanic  
Plutonic  

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic  
Pegmatitic  

Color
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White  
Black, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Rust, Silver, White, Yellow  

Maintenance
Less  
Less  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
No  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
No  

Acid Resistant
No  
No  

Appearance
Vesicular  
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration  
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
Landscaping  
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture  
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner  
Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz  

Types

Types
Igneous rock  
Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite  

Features
Host Rock for Lead  
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
-  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.  
Pegmatite rock is holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is formed by partial melting and dewatering during the process of metamorphism.  

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene  
Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz  

Compound Content
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide  
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Phosphorus Pentoxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6.5  
7  

Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained  
Medium to Coarse Grained  

Fracture
Uneven  
Conchoidal  

Streak
Bluish Black  
White  

Porosity
Very Less Porous  
Less Porous  

Luster
Subvitreous to Dull  
Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous  

Compressive Strength
90.00 N/mm2  
32
178.54 N/mm2  
19

Cleavage
Crenulation and Pervasive  
Perfect  

Toughness
2.4  
2.1  

Specific Gravity
2.86  
2.6-2.63  

Transparency
Opaque  
Translucent to Opaque  

Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3  
2.6-2.65 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K  
10
0.79 kJ/Kg K  
17

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
-  
China, India, Iran, Japan, Nepal, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea  

Africa
Namibia, Uganda  
South Africa  

Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain  
Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
USA  
Canada  

South America
-  
Brazil  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia  
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Tephrite and Pegmatite Properties

Know all about Tephrite and Pegmatite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite and Pegmatite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Pegmatite is Pegmatitic. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Pegmatite appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Pegmatite is grainy, pearly and vitreous. Tephrite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Pegmatite is available in black, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, rust, silver, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Pegmatite are creating artwork, jewelry, source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz.

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