Definition
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock
  
Breccia is a rock consisting of angular fragments of stones which are cemented by finer calcareous material
  
History
  
  
Origin
Germany
  
England
  
Discoverer
Van Tooren
  
Unknown
  
Etymology
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn
  
From Italian, literally gravel, Germanic origin and related to break
  
Class
Igneous Rocks
  
Sedimentary Rocks
  
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Family
  
  
Group
Volcanic
  
Not Applicable
  
Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic
  
Brecciated, Clastic
  
Color
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
  
Beige, Black, Blue, Brown, Buff, Green, Grey, Orange, Pink, Purple, Red, Rust, White, Yellow
  
Maintenance
Less
  
Less
  
Durability
Durable
  
Durable
  
Water Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Scratch Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Stain Resistant
No
  
Yes
  
Wind Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Acid Resistant
No
  
No
  
Appearance
Vesicular
  
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny
  
Architecture
  
  
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
  
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration
  
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
  
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
  
Curbing
  
Industry
  
  
Construction Industry
Landscaping
  
As Dimension Stone, Construction Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone
  
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture
  
Artifacts, Sculpture
  
Other Uses
  
  
Commercial Uses
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner
  
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry
  
Types
Not Available
  
Collapse Breccia, Fault Breccia, Flow Breccia, Pyroclastic Breccia, Igneous Breccia and Impact Breccia
  
Features
Host Rock for Lead
  
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Clasts are smooth to touch
  
Archaeological Significance
  
  
Monuments
Not Yet Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
  
Not Applicable
  
Sculpture
Used
  
Used
  
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
  
Data Not Available
  
Pictographs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Petroglyphs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Figurines
Used
  
Used
  
Fossils
Absent
  
Present
  
Formation
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
  
Breccia is a clastic sedimentary rock which is composed of broken fragments of minerals or rock which are cemented together by a fine-grained matrix and it forms where broken, angular fragments of rock or mineral debris accumulate.
  
Composition
  
  
Mineral Content
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
  
Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Phosphates, Quartz, Silica
  
Compound Content
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
  
Aluminium Oxide, Ca, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
  
Transformation
  
  
Metamorphism
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism
  
Weathering
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Erosion
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion
  
Chemical Erosion
  
Physical Properties
  
  
Hardness
6.5
  
7
  
Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
  
Medium to Coarse Grained
  
Fracture
Uneven
  
Uneven
  
Streak
Bluish Black
  
White
  
Porosity
Very Less Porous
  
Less Porous
  
Luster
Subvitreous to Dull
  
Dull to Pearly
  
Compressive Strength
90.00 N/mm
2
  
22
Not Available
  
Cleavage
Crenulation and Pervasive
  
Non-Existent
  
Toughness
2.4
  
Not Available
  
Specific Gravity
2.86
  
2.86-2.87
  
Transparency
Opaque
  
Opaque
  
Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3
  
0 g/cm3
  
Thermal Properties
  
  
Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K
  
10
Not Available
  
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
  
Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  
Asia
Not Yet Found
  
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, South Korea, Uzbekistan
  
Africa
Namibia, Uganda
  
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
  
Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain
  
Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
  
Others
Not Yet Found
  
Greenland
  
Deposits in Western Continents
  
  
North America
USA
  
Barbados, Canada, Mexico, Panama, USA
  
South America
Not Yet Found
  
Brazil
  
Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  
Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia
  
New South Wales, New Zealand
  
All about Tephrite and Breccia Properties
Know all about Tephrite and Breccia properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tephrite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Breccia belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Tephrite is Aphanitic to Porphyritic whereas that of Breccia is Brecciated, Clastic. Tephrite appears Vesicular and Breccia appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. The luster of Tephrite is subvitreous to dull while that of Breccia is dull to pearly. Tephrite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas Breccia is available in beige, black, blue, brown, buff, green, grey, orange, pink, purple, red, rust, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Tephrite are production of lime, soil conditioner and that of Breccia are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry.