Laterite

Obsidian

Laterite and Obsidian

Laterite

Obsidian

Add ⊕

1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Laterite rock is a type of Sedimentary rock which is rich in iron and aluminium, formed in hot and wet tropical areas

Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock. It is produced when felsic lava extruded from a volcano cools rapidly with minimum crystal growth

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

India

Ethiopia

1.1.1 Discoverer

Francis Buchanan-Hamilton

Obsius

1.3 Etymology

From Latin later brick, tile + -ite1

From Latin obsidianus, misprint of Obsianus (lapis) (stone) of Obsius

1.4 Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks

1.5.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

1.7 Family

1.7.1 Group

Not Applicable

Volcanic

1.8 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Earthy, Massive, Porphyritic

Glassy

2.2 Color

Brown, Buff, Red

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Orange, Red, Tan, Yellow

2.4 Maintenance

Less

3.3 Durability

Durable

3.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

3.5.1 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

3.5.2 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

3.5.3 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

3.5.4 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

3.6 Appearance

Rough and Banded

Shiny

4 Uses

4.1 Architecture

4.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

4.1.3 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

Garden Decoration

4.1.4 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Not Yet Used

4.2 Industry

4.2.1 Construction Industry

Cobblestones, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping, Roadstone

Arrowheads, Cutting Tool, Knives, Scrapers, Spear Points

4.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

Surgery

4.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts, Jewellery

4.4 Other Uses

4.4.1 Commercial Uses

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, Source of bauxite, Used in aquariums

Creating Artwork, Mirror, Used in aquariums

5 Types

5.1 Types

Not Available

Fireworks Obsidian, Mahogany, Sheen Obsidian, Snowflake obsidian and Velvet Peacock Obsidian

5.2 Features

Is one of the oldest rock, Very fine grained rock

Blocks negativity, Helps to protect against depression

5.3 Archaeological Significance

5.3.1 Monuments

Used

Not Yet Used

5.3.3 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

5.4.1 Sculpture

Used

Not Yet Used

5.4.2 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

6.1.2 Pictographs

Used

6.1.4 Petroglyphs

Used

6.1.6 Figurines

Used

Not Yet Used

6.3 Fossils

Present

Absent

7 Formation

7.1 Formation

Laterite is a type of sedimentary rock which is generally a reddish weathering product of basalt.

When the lava is released from volcano, it undergoes a very rapid cooling which freezes the mechanisms of crystallization. The result is a volcanic glass with a uniform smooth texture.

7.3 Composition

7.3.1 Mineral Content

Aluminum Oxides, Biotite, Hematite, Hornblade, Iron Oxides, Manganese Oxides, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Not Available

8.2.1 Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

8.4 Transformation

8.4.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

8.4.3 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

8.4.5 Weathering

✔ ✘

8.4.7 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

8.4.9 Erosion

✔ ✘

8.4.11 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

9 Properties

9.1 Physical Properties

9.1.1 Hardness

25-5.5

1 7

11.1.2 Grain Size

Fine Grained

Not Applicable

11.1.3 Fracture

Conchoidal

11.1.4 Streak

White

11.1.5 Porosity

Highly Porous

Very Less Porous

11.1.6 Luster

Dull

Vitreous

11.1.7 Compressive Strength

NA0.15 N/mm²

0.15 450

11.1.14 Cleavage

Not Applicable

Non-Existent

11.1.15 Toughness

Not Available

11.1.16 Specific Gravity

Not Available2.6-2.7

0 8.4

11.1.20 Transparency

Opaque

Translucent

11.1.21 Density

Not Available2.6 g/cm³

0 1400

11.2 Thermal Properties

11.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

NA0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

11.3.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

12 Reserves

12.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

12.1.1 Asia

India

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

12.1.2 Africa

East Africa, Western Africa

Kenya

12.1.3 Europe

England, Romania, Scotland

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

12.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

12.2 Deposits in Western Continents

12.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

12.2.2 South America

Not Yet Found

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

12.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

12.3.1 Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

New Zealand

All about Laterite and Obsidian Properties

Know all about Laterite and Obsidian properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Laterite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Obsidian belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Laterite is Earthy, Massive, Porphyritic whereas that of Obsidian is Glassy. Laterite appears Rough and Banded and Obsidian appears Shiny. The luster of Laterite is dull while that of Obsidian is vitreous. Laterite is available in brown, buff, red colors whereas Obsidian is available in black, blue, brown, green, orange, red, tan, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Laterite are an oil and gas reservoir, source of bauxite, used in aquariums and that of Obsidian are creating artwork, mirror, used in aquariums.