Greywacke Rock | History

Definition

Greywacke is defined as a dark coarse-grained sandstone rock which contains more than 15 per cent clay

History

Origin

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

From German Grauwacke, from grau grey + wacke

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Color

Beige, Black, Brown, Cream, Dark Brown, Green, Grey, Light Green, Light to Dark Grey, Pink, Red, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

58% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

61% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

42% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

36% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

19% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Appearance

Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As armour rock for sea walls, Petroleum reservoirs, Sea Defence, Tombstones

Types

Greywacke

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Non-vesicular, Veined

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Formation

Graywacke rock is a type of sedimentary rock, which is also known as immature sandstone, which is indurated, dark grey and consisting of poorly sorted angular to sub-angular, sand-sized grains.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

17% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

78% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

86% - Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-7

1 7

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Grain Size

Angular and Fine

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Luster

Dull

Compressive Strength

120.00 N/mm²

Rank: 26 (Overall)

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.6

Specific Gravity

2.2-2.8

0 8.4

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Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.6-2.61 g/cm³

0 1400

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Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.71 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 23 (Overall)

0.14 3.2

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Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan

Africa

Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Europe

Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom