×

Greywacke
Greywacke

Hornfels
Hornfels



ADD
Compare
X
Greywacke
X
Hornfels

Greywacke vs Hornfels

Definition

Definition

Greywacke is defined as a dark coarse-grained sandstone rock which contains more than 15 per cent clay
Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

-
New Zealand

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From German Grauwacke, from grau grey + wacke
From German which means hornstone

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

-
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic
Granular, Platy

Color

Beige, Black, Brown, Cream, Dark Brown, Green, Grey, Light Green, Light to Dark Grey, Pink, Red, White, Yellow
Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull
Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing, Whetstones
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

As armour rock for sea walls, Petroleum reservoirs, Sea Defence, Tombstones
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Greywacke
Biotite hornfels

Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Non-vesicular, Veined
Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Graywacke rock is a type of sedimentary rock, which is also known as immature sandstone, which is indurated, dark grey and consisting of poorly sorted angular to sub-angular, sand-sized grains.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz
Andalusite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide
Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6-72-3
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Angular and Fine
Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

White
-

Porosity

Highly Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Dull
Shiny

Compressive Strength

120.00 N/mm25.80 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect
Perfect

Toughness

2.6
-

Specific Gravity

2.2-2.83.4-3.9
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.6-2.61 g/cm30.25-0.30 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.71 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
United Kingdom

Others

Greenland
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Brazil
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Greywacke vs Hornfels Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Greywacke and Hornfels Reserves. Greywacke is defined as a dark coarse-grained sandstone rock which contains more than 15 per cent clay. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Greywacke vs Hornfels information and Greywacke vs Hornfels characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Greywacke vs Hornfels Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Greywacke vs Hornfels characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Greywacke and Properties of Hornfels. Learn more about Greywacke vs Hornfels in the next section. The interior uses of Greywacke include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Greywacke and Hornfels, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Greywacke in construction industry include Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar and that of Hornfels include For road aggregate, Roadstone.

More about Greywacke and Hornfels

Here you can know more about Greywacke and Hornfels. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Greywacke and Hornfels consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Greywacke includes Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz and mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Greywacke vs Hornfels, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Greywacke is available in beige, black, brown, cream, dark brown, green, grey, light green, light to dark grey, pink, red, white, yellow colors whereas, Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. Appearance of Greywacke is Dull and that of Hornfels is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Greywacke vs Hornfels. The hardness of Greywacke is 6-7 and that of Hornfels is 2-3. The types of Greywacke are Greywacke whereas types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Greywacke is white while that of Hornfels is . The specific heat capacity of Greywacke is 0.71 kJ/Kg K and that of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Greywacke is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.