Definition
Gabbro is an intrusive igneous rock which is chemically equivalent to plutonic Basalt
  
Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals
  
History
  
  
Origin
Germany
  
Unknown
  
Discoverer
Christian Leopold von Buch
  
R. J. Hauy
  
Etymology
From Latin glaber bare, smooth, bald
  
From Greek pegma, pegmat which means- thing joined together + -ite
  
Class
Igneous Rocks
  
Igneous Rocks
  
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Family
  
  
Group
Plutonic
  
Plutonic
  
Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Texture
Phaneritic
  
Pegmatitic
  
Color
Dark Grey to Black
  
Black, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Rust, Silver, White, Yellow
  
Maintenance
Less
  
Less
  
Durability
Durable
  
Durable
  
Water Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Scratch Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Stain Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Wind Resistant
Yes
  
No
  
Acid Resistant
Yes
  
No
  
Appearance
Veined and Shiny
  
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny
  
Architecture
  
  
Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
  
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration
  
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone
  
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
  
Curbing
  
Industry
  
  
Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
  
As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping
  
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
  
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines
  
Other Uses
  
  
Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Laboratory bench tops, Jewelry, Sea Defence, Tombstones
  
Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz
  
Types
Not Available
  
Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite
  
Features
Smooth to touch
  
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz
  
Archaeological Significance
  
  
Monuments
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
  
Not Applicable
  
Sculpture
Used
  
Used
  
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
  
Data Not Available
  
Pictographs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Petroglyphs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Figurines
Used
  
Used
  
Fossils
Absent
  
Absent
  
Formation
Gabbro, a mafic rock, forms due to cooling and crystallization of magma underneath Earth's surface.
  
Pegmatite rock is holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is formed by partial melting and dewatering during the process of metamorphism.
  
Composition
  
  
Mineral Content
Augite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
  
Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz
  
Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Trioxide
  
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Phosphorus Pentoxide
  
Transformation
  
  
Metamorphism
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism
  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Weathering
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering
  
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Erosion
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion
  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
  
Physical Properties
  
  
Hardness
7
  
7
  
Grain Size
Coarse Grained
  
Medium to Coarse Grained
  
Fracture
Conchoidal
  
Conchoidal
  
Streak
Black
  
White
  
Porosity
Highly Porous
  
Less Porous
  
Luster
Not Available
  
Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous
  
Compressive Strength
225.00 N/mm2
  
7
178.54 N/mm2
  
12
Cleavage
Not Available
  
Perfect
  
Toughness
1.6
  
2.1
  
Specific Gravity
2.86-2.87
  
2.6-2.63
  
Transparency
Opaque
  
Translucent to Opaque
  
Density
2.7-3.3 g/cm3
  
2.6-2.65 g/cm3
  
Thermal Properties
  
  
Resistance
Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
  
Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  
Asia
India, Russia
  
China, India, Iran, Japan, Nepal, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea
  
Africa
South Africa
  
South Africa
  
Europe
Germany, Greece, Italy, Scotland, Turkey
  
Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine
  
Others
Greenland
  
Not Yet Found
  
Deposits in Western Continents
  
  
North America
Canada, USA
  
Canada
  
South America
Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela
  
Brazil
  
Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  
Australia
New Zealand, Queensland
  
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
  
All about Gabbro and Pegmatite Properties
Know all about Gabbro and Pegmatite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gabbro and Pegmatite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Gabbro is Phaneritic whereas that of Pegmatite is Pegmatitic. Gabbro appears Veined and Shiny and Pegmatite appears Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny. The luster of Gabbro is not available while that of Pegmatite is grainy, pearly and vitreous. Gabbro is available in dark grey to black colors whereas Pegmatite is available in black, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, rust, silver, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Gabbro are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, laboratory bench tops, jewelry, sea defence, tombstones and that of Pegmatite are creating artwork, jewelry, source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz.