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Coal
Coal

Variolite
Variolite



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Coal vs Variolite

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Definition

Definition

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds
Variolites are a group of dark green basic igneous rocks which exhibit pale colored spots, or spherules, especially on weathered surfaces, that give them a pockmarked appearance

History

Origin

USA
France

Discoverer

John Peter Salley
Unknown

Etymology

From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century
From Latin varius, speckled, variegated

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Volcanic

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Amorphous, Glassy
Glassy, Massive, Porphyritic, Scoriaceous, Vesicular

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
Black, Brown, Light to Dark Grey

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Veined or Pebbled
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

-
Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens

Exterior Uses

-
Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

-
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
As Dimension Stone, Cobblestones, Rail Track Ballast, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite
Metamorphic rock

Features

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Very fine grained rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.
Variolites are a group of dark green basic igneous rocks that exhibit pale colored spots on weathered surfaces that give them a pockmarked appearance.

Composition

Mineral Content

Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon
Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene

Compound Content

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

-
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

-
-

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

1-1.56
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
-

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

Black
White to Grey

Porosity

Less Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic
-

Compressive Strength

-37.50 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

-
2.3

Specific Gravity

1.1-1.42.8-3
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

1100-1400 g/cm32.9-3.1 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.32 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
India, Russia

Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
South Africa

Europe

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
Iceland

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria
-

Coal vs Variolite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Coal and Variolite Reserves. Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds. Variolites are a group of dark green basic igneous rocks which exhibit pale colored spots, or spherules, especially on weathered surfaces, that give them a pockmarked appearance. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Coal vs Variolite information and Coal vs Variolite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Coal vs Variolite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Coal vs Variolite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Coal and Properties of Variolite. Learn more about Coal vs Variolite in the next section. The interior uses of Coal include whereas the interior uses of Variolite include Floor tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels and Kitchens. Due to some exceptional properties of Coal and Variolite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Coal in construction industry include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production and that of Variolite include As dimension stone, Cobblestones, Rail track ballast, Roadstone.

More about Coal and Variolite

Here you can know more about Coal and Variolite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Coal and Variolite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Coal includes Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon and mineral content of Variolite includes Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Coal vs Variolite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Coal is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas, Variolite is available in black, brown, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Coal is Veined or Pebbled and that of Variolite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Coal vs Variolite. The hardness of Coal is 1-1.5 and that of Variolite is 6. The types of Coal are Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite whereas types of Variolite are Metamorphic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Coal is black while that of Variolite is white to grey. The specific heat capacity of Coal is 1.32 kJ/Kg K and that of Variolite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Coal is heat resistant whereas Variolite is heat resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.