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Chert
Chert

Gossan
Gossan



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Chert
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Chert vs Gossan

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Definition

Definition

Chert is a hard, dark, opaque sedimentary rock which is composed of silica with an amorphous fine-grained texture
Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.

History

Origin

-
Indonesia

Discoverer

Unknown
Cornish Gossen

Etymology

From flint-like quartz, 1670s, of unknown origin- a local term, which has been taken into geological use
From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit

Class

Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

-
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Banded, Rough
Rough, Sandy

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White
Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Glassy or Pearly
Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments
Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone

Types

Types

Flint, Jasper, Radiolarite, Common Chert, Chalcedony, Agate, Onyx, Opal, Magadi-type Chert, Porcelanite, Siliceous Sinter
Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Present
Absent

Formation

Formation

Chert forms when microcrystals of silicon dioxide grow within soft sediments that become limestone or chalk. The chert formation can be either of chemical or biological origin.
Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.

Composition

Mineral Content

Quartz, Silicon
Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

-
-

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.5-74-5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained
Fine to Medium Grained

Fracture

Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

White
White to Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Waxy and Dull
Metallic

Compressive Strength

450.00 N/mm2-
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

1.5
-

Specific Gravity

2.5-2.82.0
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.7 g/cm3-9999 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.74 kJ/Kg K0.24 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Japan, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea

Africa

Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom
Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom

Others

Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia

Chert vs Gossan Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Chert and Gossan Reserves. Chert is a hard, dark, opaque sedimentary rock which is composed of silica with an amorphous fine-grained texture. Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Chert vs Gossan information and Chert vs Gossan characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Chert vs Gossan Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Chert vs Gossan characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Chert and Properties of Gossan. Learn more about Chert vs Gossan in the next section. The interior uses of Chert include Decorative aggregates and Homes whereas the interior uses of Gossan include Countertops, Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Chert and Gossan, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Chert in construction industry include Arrowheads, Construction aggregate, Cutting tool, Spear points and that of Gossan include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate.

More about Chert and Gossan

Here you can know more about Chert and Gossan. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Chert and Gossan consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Chert includes Quartz, Silicon and mineral content of Gossan includes Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Chert vs Gossan, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Chert is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors whereas, Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors. Appearance of Chert is Glassy or Pearly and that of Gossan is Dull and Banded. Properties of rock is another aspect for Chert vs Gossan. The hardness of Chert is 6.5-7 and that of Gossan is 4-5. The types of Chert are Flint, Jasper, Radiolarite, Common Chert, Chalcedony, Agate, Onyx, Opal, Magadi-type Chert, Porcelanite, Siliceous Sinter whereas types of Gossan are Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Chert is white while that of Gossan is white to grey. The specific heat capacity of Chert is 0.74 kJ/Kg K and that of Gossan is 0.24 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Chert is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Gossan is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.