Arkose

Skarn

Arkose and Skarn

Arkose

Skarn

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Arkose is a sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% feldspar

Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

France

USA, Australia

1.2.2 Discoverer

Alexandre Brongniart

Tornebohm

1.3 Etymology

From Auvergne region of France used by a French geologist Alexandre Brongniart in 1826 who applied this term to some feldspathic sandstones

From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.

1.4 Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Clastic

Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough

2.2 Color

Reddish Brown

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

81% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

42% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

19% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

15% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

2.5 Appearance

Rough and Dull

Dull

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Whetstones

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

Not Applicable

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

In aquifers, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO), Tombstones

Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

4 Types

4.1 Types

Not Available

Endoskarns

4.2 Features

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Not Yet Used

Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Not Applicable

Data Not Available

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

4.3.5 Pictographs

Not Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Not Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Used

4.4 Fossils

Present

Absent

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Arkose rock forms from the weathering of feldspar-rich igneous or metamorphic rock, most commonly granitic rocks, which are primarily composed of quartz and feldspar.

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz

Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite

5.2.2 Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide

Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

50% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

6.1.2 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

6.1.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

6.1.6 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Not Applicable

6.1.7 Erosion

✔ ✘

86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

77% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !

6.2.1 Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Not Applicable

7 Properties

7.1 Physical Properties

7.1.1 Hardness

6-7

6.5

7.1.3 Grain Size

Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

7.2.1 Fracture

Conchoidal

Irregular

7.2.3 Streak

White

Light to dark brown

7.2.4 Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

7.2.5 Luster

Dull

Waxy and Dull

7.2.6 Compressive Strength

What Is Flint

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▶

▼

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Obsidian

⊕

▶

175 (What Is Grani..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

7.2.7 Cleavage

Not Available

Slaty

7.2.8 Toughness

Not Available

2.4

7.2.9 Specific Gravity

2.86

7.2.10 Transparency

Opaque

7.2.11 Density

Not Available

2.8-2.9 g/cm³

7.3 Thermal Properties

7.3.1 Specific Heat Capacity

What Is Banded ..

⊕

▶

▼

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

0.92 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 10 (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Granulite

⊕

▶

1.09 (What Is Trave..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

7.3.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant

8 Reserves

8.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

8.1.1 Asia

China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka

8.1.2 Africa

Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

South Africa, Western Africa

8.1.3 Europe

Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom

United Kingdom

8.1.4 Others

Greenland

Not Yet Found

8.2 Deposits in Western Continents

8.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

Canada

8.2.2 South America

Brazil

Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay

8.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

8.3.1 Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Arkose and Skarn Properties

Know all about Arkose and Skarn properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Arkose belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Skarn belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Arkose is Clastic whereas that of Skarn is Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough. Arkose appears Rough and Dull and Skarn appears Dull. The luster of Arkose is dull while that of Skarn is waxy and dull. Arkose is available in reddish brown colors whereas Skarn is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Arkose are in aquifers, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo), tombstones and that of Skarn are creating artwork, gemstone, jewelry, metallurgical flux, source of magnesia (mgo).