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Aplite and Gneiss


Gneiss and Aplite


Definition

Definition
Aplite is a fine-grained granite composed mainly of feldspar and quartz  
Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks  

History
  
  

Origin
Iran  
-  

Discoverer
Unknown  
Unknown  

Etymology
From German Aplit, from Greek haploos simple + -ite  
From the Middle High German verb gneist (to spark; so called because the rock glitters)  

Class
Igneous Rocks  
Metamorphic Rocks  

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock  

Family
  
  

Group
Plutonic  
-  

Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock  

Texture

Texture
Granular, Graphic  
Banded, Foliated, Platy  

Color
Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White  
Black, Brown, Pink, Red, White  

Maintenance
More  
More  

Durability
Durable  
Durable  

Water Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Scratch Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Stain Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Wind Resistant
Yes  
Yes  

Acid Resistant
Yes  
No  

Appearance
Veined or Pebbled  
Foliated  

Uses

Architecture
  
  

Interior Uses
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens, Stair Treads  
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration  

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Paving Stone, Near Swimming Pools, Office Buildings, Resorts  
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone  

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing  
Curbing  

Industry
  
  

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone  
As Dimension Stone  

Medical Industry
-  
-  

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines  
Artifacts  

Other Uses
  
  

Commercial Uses
Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Small Sculptures, Tombstones  
Cemetery Markers, Jewelry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums  

Types

Types
Igneous rock  
Augen Gneiss, Henderson Gneiss, Lewisian Gneiss, Archean and Proterozoic Gneiss.  

Features
Available in lots of colors, Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Is one of the oldest rock  
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock  

Archaeological Significance
  
  

Monuments
-  
-  

Famous Monuments
-  
Konark Sun Temple in India, Washington Monument, US  

Sculpture
-  
-  

Famous Sculptures
-  
-  

Pictographs
-  
-  

Petroglyphs
-  
-  

Figurines
-  
-  

Fossils
Absent  
Absent  

Formation

Formation
Aplites belong to intrusive igneous rocks which are mostly quart and alkali feldspar and are formed from residual eutectic granitic liquids and represent the final crystallization products of magma.  
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock i.e. it has been subjected to higher temperatures and pressures than schist. It is formed by the metamorphosis of Gneiss forms from volcanic rock, shale or granitie.   

Composition
  
  

Mineral Content
Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz  
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon  

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide  
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide  

Transformation
  
  

Metamorphism
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism  
Impact Metamorphism  

Weathering
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  
Biological Weathering, Mechanical Weathering  

Erosion
Yes  
Yes  

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion  

Properties

Physical Properties
  
  

Hardness
6.5  
7  

Grain Size
Very fine-grained  
Medium to Coarse Grained  

Fracture
-  
Irregular  

Streak
White  
White  

Porosity
Less Porous  
Very Less Porous  

Luster
Dull to Pearly to Subvitreous  
Dull  

Compressive Strength
130.00 N/mm2  
24
125.00 N/mm2  
25

Cleavage
-  
-  

Toughness
-  
1.2  

Specific Gravity
2.6  
2.5-2.7  

Transparency
Opaque  
Translucent to Opaque  

Density
2.6 g/cm3  
2.6-2.9 g/cm3  

Thermal Properties
  
  

Specific Heat Capacity
0.79 kJ/Kg K  
17
0.70 kJ/Kg K  
24

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant  
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant  

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  

Asia
China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam  
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia  

Africa
Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa  
Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Togo  

Europe
Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sardinia, Spain, Switzerland, The Czech Republic  
Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom  

Others
-  
-  

Deposits in Western Continents
  
  

North America
Canada, USA  
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA  

South America
-  
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela  

Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  

Australia
-  
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria  

Summary >>
<< Reserves

All about Aplite and Gneiss Properties

Know all about Aplite and Gneiss properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Aplite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Gneiss belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Aplite is Granular, Graphic whereas that of Gneiss is Banded, Foliated, Platy. Aplite appears Veined or Pebbled and Gneiss appears Foliated. The luster of Aplite is dull to pearly to subvitreous while that of Gneiss is dull. Aplite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors whereas Gneiss is available in black, brown, pink, red, white colors. The commercial uses of Aplite are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, small sculptures, tombstones and that of Gneiss are cemetery markers, jewelry, tombstones, used in aquariums.

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