Home
Compare Rocks


Gneiss Rock



Definition

Definition
Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks

History

Origin
-

Discoverer
Unknown

Etymology
From the Middle High German verb gneist (to spark; so called because the rock glitters)

Class
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group
-

Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture
Banded, Foliated, Platy

Color
Black, Brown, Pink, Red, White

Maintenance
More

Durability
Durable

Water Resistant
Yes

Scratch Resistant
Yes

Stain Resistant
Yes

Wind Resistant
Yes

Acid Resistant
No

Appearance
Foliated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry
-

Antiquity Uses
Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Jewelry, Tombstones, Used in aquariums

Types

Types
Augen Gneiss, Henderson Gneiss, Lewisian Gneiss, Archean and Proterozoic Gneiss.

Features
Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments
-

Famous Monuments
Konark Sun Temple in India, Washington Monument, US

Sculpture
-

Famous Sculptures
-

Pictographs
-

Petroglyphs
-

Figurines
-

Fossils
Absent

Formation

Formation
Gneiss is a high grade metamorphic rock i.e. it has been subjected to higher temperatures and pressures than schist. It is formed by the metamorphosis of Gneiss forms from volcanic rock, shale or granitie.

Composition

Mineral Content
Biotite, Chlorite, Feldspar, Garnet, Graphite, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Quartz, Quartzite, Silica, Zircon

Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism
Yes

Types of Metamorphism
Impact Metamorphism

Weathering
Yes

Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion
Yes

Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness
7

Grain Size
Medium to Coarse Grained

Fracture
Irregular

Streak
White

Porosity
Very Less Porous

Luster
Dull

Compressive Strength
125.00 N/mm2 25

Cleavage
-

Toughness
1.2

Specific Gravity
2.5-2.7

Transparency
Translucent to Opaque

Density
2.6-2.9 g/cm3

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity
0.70 kJ/Kg K 24

Resistance
Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Scratch Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia

Africa
Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Tanzania, Togo

Europe
Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Kosovo, Monaco, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom

Others
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America
Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Mexico, Panama, USA

South America
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria

Definition >>
<< All

Metamorphic Rocks

Information about Gneiss

Rocks are naturally occurring solids which are composed of minerals & have been used by humans since ages. From Stone Age, rocks are used for various purposes. Also, the metals and minerals found in rock play an important role in our life. Get to know all the Gneiss Uses. We have provided you with all information about Gneiss rock here. Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks. Gneiss is available in black, brown, pink, red, white colors. The streak of a rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Gneiss is white. Get to know more about Gneiss rock and characteristics of Gneiss rock in the next sections.

Compare Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

» More Metamorphic Rocks

Compare Metamorphic Rocks

» More Compare Metamorphic Rocks