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Banded iron formation
Banded iron formation

Anthracite
Anthracite



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Banded iron formation
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Banded iron formation vs Anthracite

1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age
Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Western Australia, Minnesota
Pennsylvania, U.S.
1.2.2 Discoverer
Unknown
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From its formation process
From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal
1.4 Class
Sedimentary Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Banded, Trellis
Amorphous, Glassy
2.2 Color
Red, Reddish Brown
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
2.3 Maintenance
Less
Less
2.4 Durability
Durable
Durable
2.4.1 Water Resistant
59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
81% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
42% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
19% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
15% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
2.5 Appearance
Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny
Veined or Pebbled
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Homes
Not Yet Used
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
Paving Stone, Office Buildings
Not Yet Used
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Curbing, Whetstones
Not Yet Used
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills.
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Not Yet Used
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
As a touchstone, Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
4 Types
4.1 Types
Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite
Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite
4.2 Features
Is one of the oldest rock
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
4.3.3 Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
4.3.5 Pictographs
Not Used
Used
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
Not Used
Used
4.3.7 Figurines
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
4.4 Fossils
Present
Absent
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
The banded iron layers are formed in sea water when oxygen is released by photosynthetic cyano-bacteria. The oxygen then combines with dissolved iron in ocean to form insoluble iron oxides, which precipitated out, forming a thin layer of banded iron formation on ocean floor.
Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals
5.2.2 Compound Content
Fe, Iron(III) Oxide, Silicon Dioxide
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
50% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
5.3.3 Weathering
78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Chemical Weathering
Not Applicable
5.3.5 Erosion
86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !
77% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion
Not Applicable
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
5.5-6
1-1.5
6.1.2 Grain Size
Large and Coarse Grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
6.1.3 Fracture
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal
Conchoidal
6.1.4 Streak
White
Black
6.1.5 Porosity
Highly Porous
Less Porous
6.1.6 Luster
Earthy
Shiny
6.1.7 Compressive Strength
Flint
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Obsidian
ADD ⊕
6.1.8 Cleavage
Imperfect
Non-Existent
6.1.9 Toughness
1.5
Not Available
6.1.10 Specific Gravity
5.0-5.3
1.1-1.4
6.1.11 Transparency
Translucent to Opaque
Opaque
6.1.12 Density
Not Available
1.25-2.5 g/cm3
6.2 Thermal Properties
6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
Banded iron for..
3.20 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 1 (Overall)
1.32 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 4 (Overall)
Granulite
ADD ⊕
6.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant, Water Resistant
7 Reserves
7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
7.1.1 Asia
China, India, Iran, Iraq, Oman, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
7.1.2 Africa
Kenya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
7.1.3 Europe
Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
7.1.4 Others
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Not Yet Found
7.2 Deposits in Western Continents
7.2.1 North America
Canada, Mexico, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
7.2.2 South America
Bolivia, Brazil
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
7.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Banded iron formation vs Anthracite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Banded iron formation and Anthracite Reserves. Banded iron formation are distinctive units of sedimentary rock that are almost always of Precambrian age. Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Banded iron formation vs Anthracite information and Banded iron formation vs Anthracite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Banded iron formation vs Anthracite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Banded iron formation vs Anthracite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Banded iron formation and Properties of Anthracite. Learn more about Banded iron formation vs Anthracite in the next section. The interior uses of Banded iron formation include Decorative aggregates and Homes whereas the interior uses of Anthracite include Not yet used. Due to some exceptional properties of Banded iron formation and Anthracite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Banded iron formation in construction industry include As dimension stone, Used for flooring, stair treads, borders and window sills. and that of Anthracite include Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel production.

More about Banded iron formation and Anthracite

Here you can know more about Banded iron formation and Anthracite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Banded iron formation and Anthracite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Banded iron formation includes Hematite, Magnetite, Quartz and mineral content of Anthracite includes Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals. You can also check out the list of all Sedimentary Rocks. When we have to compare Banded iron formation vs Anthracite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Banded iron formation is available in red, reddish brown colors whereas, Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Banded iron formation is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and that of Anthracite is Veined or Pebbled. Properties of rock is another aspect for Banded iron formation vs Anthracite. The hardness of Banded iron formation is 5.5-6 and that of Anthracite is 1-1.5. The types of Banded iron formation are Algoma-type , Lake Superior-type, Superior-type and Taconite whereas types of Anthracite are Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Banded iron formation is white while that of Anthracite is black. The specific heat capacity of Banded iron formation is 3.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Anthracite is 1.32 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Banded iron formation is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Anthracite is heat resistant, water resistant.