1 Definition
1.1 definisi
tuff jinis rock digawe saka awu vulkanik luwar saka ngeculake sajrone eruption vulkanik
pumice punika rock vulkanik sing kasusun saka Highly vesicular atos kaca vulkanik tekstur, kang bisa utawa ora bisa ngemot kristal
1.2 Sajarah
1.2.1 asal
1.2.2 panemu
1.3 Etimologi
saka tembung latin tophous banjur ing tufo italian lan pungkasanipun tuff
saka pomis french lawas, saka varian dialect latin saka pumex
1.4 kelas
1.4.1 sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
1.5 kulawarga
1.5.1 group
1.6 kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
2 Tekstur
2.1 tektur
clastic, pyroclastic
vesicular
2.2 werna
coklat, grey, kuning
ibas, wernane, grey, ijo enom, grey cahya, pink, putih, grey yellow-
2.3 pangopènan
2.4 kekiatan
2.4.1 banyu tahan
2.4.2 ngeruk tahan
2.4.3 rereged tahan
2.4.4 angin tahan
2.4.5 asam tahan
2.5 katon
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
vesicular
3 Kagunaane
3.1 arsitektur
3.1.1 Efesus interior
aggregates hiasan, entryways, jogan, homes, interior
aggregates hiasan, jogan, homes, interior
3.1.2 Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
minangka watu bangunan, minangka madhep watu, Taman hiasan, mapeng watu
3.1.3 Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing
curbing, wêdakakêna
3.2 industri
3.2.1 industri construction
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
minangka watu ukuran, Pabrik semen, kanggo dalan kanthi jumlah ongko, ing babagan seni lan horticulture, nggawe semen alam, produksi pamblokiran beton entheng
3.2.2 industri medical
durung digunakake
Minangka abrasive ana ing produk exfoliating kulit, ing kimia lan pharmaceutical industri, obat-obatan lan kosmetik
3.3 Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
artefak
3.4 Panggunaan sanès
3.4.1 komersial
nggawe kriya
minangka materi doyo tarik ing dalan salju-dijamin, minangka abrasive ing erasers potlot, nggoleki abrasive digunakake kanggo polishing, Pabrik sabun, cairan pelarut, alami, plastik lan serat, digunakake ing akuarium
4 Jinis
4.1 jinis
gandheng tuff, tuff rhyolitic, basaltic tuff, trachyte tuff, tuff andesitic lan ignimbrite.
scoria
4.2 fitur
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
tuan rumah rock kanggo timbal
4.3 pinunjul arkeologi
4.3.1 monumen
4.3.2 monumen misuwur
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara
ora ditrapake
4.3.3 reca
4.3.4 patung misuwur
data ora kasedhiya
ora ditrapake
4.3.5 Pictographs
4.3.6 petroglyphs
4.3.7 figurines
4.4 fosil
5 Tatanan
5.1 tatanan
tuff wis kawangun nalika massa gedhe saka awu lan wedhi kang lagi pipis karo gas panas sing luwar dening gunung mbledhos lan longsor kanthi cepet mudhun lereng sawijining.
Wangun rock pumice nalika magma cools supaya cepet sing atom ing nyawiji sing ora bisa kanggo ngatur piyambak menyang struktur kristal.
5.2 komposisi
5.2.1 isi Mineral
kalsit, chlorite
oksida aluminium, kalsit, karbonat, oksida wesi, silika
5.2.2 senyawa isi
hidrogen sulfida, belerang dioxide
al, aluminium oxide, cao, karbon dioksida, MgO, silikon dioksida
5.3 transformasi
5.3.1 metamorphism
5.3.2 jinis metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, metamorphism cataclastic, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
metamorphism kakubur, impact metamorphism
5.3.3 cuaca
5.3.4 jinis udan
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
udan biologi, udan kimia, udan mechanical
5.3.5 erosi
5.3.6 jinis erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
erosi kimia, erosi gisik, erosi Glacier, erosi segara, banyu erosi, angin erosi
6 Properties
6.1 fisik
6.1.1 atose
6.1.2 ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
grained nggoleki
6.1.3 rengat
6.1.4 tilas
putih
putih, greenish putih utawa abu-abu
6.1.5 porosity
Highly keropos
Highly keropos
6.1.6 luster
vitreous kanggo kurang
earthy
6.1.7 kekuatan compressive
243.80 n / mm 251.20 n / mm 2
0.15
450
6.1.8 cleavage
6.1.9 kateguhan
6.1.10 tartamtu gravitasi
6.1.11 transparan
6.1.12 Kapadhetan
1-1.8 g / cm 30.25-0.3 g / cm 3
0
1400
6.2 situs termal
6.2.1 kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.20 kj / kg k0.87 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
6.2.2 resistance
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
impact tahan, meksa tahan
7 Cadangan
7.1 celengan ing bawana wétan
7.1.1 asia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia
7.1.2 africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania
7.1.3 europe
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
greece, hungary, iceland, italy, turkey
7.1.4 wong
Antartika, pulo hawaii
durung ketemu
7.2 celengan ing bawana kulon
7.2.1 lor amerika
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA
7.2.2 kidul amerika
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru
7.3 celengan ing Oseania bawana
7.3.1 australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia