definisi
basalt punika rock igneous extrusive umum kawangun dening cooling kanthi cepet saka lahar basaltic kapapar ing utawa banget cedhak ing lumahing bumi
ignimbrite punika rock vulkanik dumadi utamané saka pecahan pumice, kawangun dening consolidation saka materi setor dening mili pyroclastic
Sajarah
asal
egypt
new zealand
panemu
George Agricola
Patrick marshall
Etimologi
saka pungkasan basaltes latin (varian saka basanites), watu banget hard, kang diimpor saka basanites greek kuna
saka geni ignis latin + Imber, padusan imbr- udan, badai maya + -ite
kelas
batuan beku
batuan beku
sub-kelas
awet rock, medium atose rock
awet rock, medium atose rock
kulawarga
group
vulkanik
vulkanik
kategori liyane
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
rock grained nggoleki, rock opaque
tektur
glassy, massive, porphyritic, scoriaceous, vesicular
aphanitic
werna
ireng, coklat, cahya kanggo werna abu-abu peteng
ibas, ireng, coklat, grey, pink, putih
pangopènan
liyane
liyane
kekiatan
awet
awet
banyu tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
ngeruk tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
rereged tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
angin tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
asam tahan
✔
✘
✔
✘
katon
kurang lan alus
kurang, vesicular lan foilated
arsitektur
Efesus interior
kothak lantai, homes, Hotel, pawon
aggregates hiasan, kothak lantai, homes, interior
Efesus njaba
minangka watu bangunan, mapeng watu, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor
minangka watu bangunan, Taman hiasan, bangunan kantor, mapeng watu
Efesus arsitektur liyane
curbing, whetstones
curbing
industri
industri construction
arrowheads, minangka watu ukuran, cobblestones, alat nglereni, alur trek ballast, roadstone
omah bangunan utawa tembok, kanthi jumlah ongko construction
industri medical
-
-
Efesus jaman
artefak, monumen
artefak, monumen, reca, figurines cilik
Panggunaan sanès
komersial
reservoir lenga lan gas, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya, digunakake ing akuarium
pelaku kuburan, tablet commemorative, nggawe kriya
jinis
basalt alkalin, boninite, basalt alumina dhuwur, agêng segara Pegunungan basalt (morb), basalt tholeiitic, basaltic trachyandesite, mugearite lan shoshonite
Batu piroklastik
fitur
tahan struktural dhuwur marang erosi lan iklim, rock grained banget nggoleki
tansah ditemokake minangka pipo vulkanik liwat lemah ndhuwur Continental jero
pinunjul arkeologi
monumen
-
-
monumen misuwur
pulo Paskah ing segitiga Polinesia, pacific segara, Gateway of India ana ing Mumbai, India, gol Gumbaz ing karnataka, india
-
reca
-
-
patung misuwur
-
-
Pictographs
-
-
petroglyphs
-
-
figurines
-
-
fosil
absen
absen
tatanan
basalt formulir nalika lahar tekan lumahing bumi near vulkanik. suhu lava iku antarane 1100 1250 ° c nalika nemu menyang permukaan.
ignimbrites sing kawangun saka dicampur banget lingkungan diurutake saka awu vulkanik utawa tuff lan pumice lapilli, umum karo pecahan lithic kasebar.
komposisi
isi Mineral
olivine, plagioclase, pyroxene
apatite, biotite, kalsit, chlorite, Feldspar, hematite, hornblade, ilmenite, magnetite, olivine, pyroxene, quartz
senyawa isi
aluminium oxide, cao, wesi (iii) oxide, feo, kalium oxide, MgO, keda, sodium oxide, fosfor pentoxide, silikon dioksida, titanium dioxide
ca, NaCl
transformasi
metamorphism
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis metamorphism
kontak metamorphism
metamorphism kakubur, kontak metamorphism, hidrotermal metamorphism, impact metamorphism, metamorphism regional
cuaca
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis udan
udan biologi
udan biologi, udan kimia
erosi
✔
✘
✔
✘
jinis erosi
-
erosi kimia, erosi gisik
fisik
atose
64-6
1
7
👆🏻
ukuran gandum
grained nggoleki
grained nggoleki
rengat
conchoidal
ora rata
tilas
putih kanggo werna abu-abu
putih
porosity
kurang keropos
Highly keropos
luster
-
vitreous kanggo kurang
kekuatan compressive
37.40 n / mm 2243.80 n / mm 2
0.15
450
👆🏻
cleavage
-
-
kateguhan
2.3
-
tartamtu gravitasi
2.8-32.73
0
8.4
👆🏻
transparan
opaque
opaque
Kapadhetan
2.9-3.1 g / cm 31-1.8 g / cm 3
0
1400
👆🏻
situs termal
kapasitas panas tartamtu
0.84 kj / kg k0.20 kj / kg k
0.14
3.2
👆🏻
resistance
tahan panas, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
tahan panas, impact tahan, meksa tahan, nyandhang tahan
celengan ing bawana wétan
asia
India, Russia
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
africa
South Africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda
europe
iceland
france, georgia, germany, greece, iceland, italy, Aku tresna sampeyan;, Poland, portugal, spain, united kingdom
wong
-
Antartika, pulo hawaii
celengan ing bawana kulon
lor amerika
Canada, USA
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
kidul amerika
Brazil
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador
celengan ing Oseania bawana
australia
-
Central Australia, Western Australia