Turbidite

Coal

Turbidite and Coal

Turbidite

Coal

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

European Foreland Basins

USA

1.2.2 Discoverer

Arnold H. Bouma

John Peter Salley

1.3 Etymology

From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939

From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century

1.4 Class

Sedimentary Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Mud-rich, Sandy

Amorphous, Glassy

2.2 Color

Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, Pink

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

59% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

62% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

43% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

38% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

22% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

2.5 Appearance

Dull and Banded

Veined or Pebbled

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Not Yet Used

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Not Yet Used

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Not Yet Used

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Artifacts

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry

4 Types

4.1 Types

Not Available

Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite

4.2 Features

High silica content, Host Rock for Lead

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.3 Sculpture

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.5 Pictographs

Used

Not Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Used

Not Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Used

Not Yet Used

4.4 Fossils

Present

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.

Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Coesite, Quartz, Sand

Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon

5.2.2 Compound Content

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

19% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

78% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Not Applicable

5.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

✔ ✘

86% Sedimentary Rocks Rocks have it !

5.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Not Applicable

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

1-1.5

6.1.2 Grain Size

Fine to Coarse Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

6.1.3 Fracture

Splintery

Conchoidal

6.1.4 Streak

White, Greenish White or Grey

Black

6.1.5 Porosity

Very Less Porous

Less Porous

6.1.6 Luster

Metallic

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

6.1.7 Compressive Strength

What Is Flint

⊕

▶

▼

200.00 N/mm²

Rank: 10 (Overall)▶

Not Available

Rank: N/A (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Obsidian

⊕

▶

175 (What Is Grani..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

6.1.8 Cleavage

Disjunctive

Non-Existent

6.1.9 Toughness

2.4

Not Available

6.1.10 Specific Gravity

2.46-2.73

1.1-1.4

6.1.11 Transparency

Opaque

6.1.12 Density

1.6-2.5 g/cm³

1100-1400 g/cm³

6.2 Thermal Properties

6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

What Is Banded ..

⊕

▶

▼

0.92 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 10 (Overall)▶

1.32 kJ/Kg K

Rank: 4 (Overall)▶

▲

What Is Granulite

⊕

▶

1.09 (What Is Trave..)

◀ ▶ ADD ⊕

6.2.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant

7 Reserves

7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

7.1.1 Asia

Not Yet Found

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

7.1.2 Africa

Western Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

7.1.3 Europe

Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

7.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

7.2 Deposits in Western Continents

7.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

7.2.2 South America

Brazil, Colombia

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

7.3.1 Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

All about Turbidite and Coal Properties

Know all about Turbidite and Coal properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Turbidite and Coal belong to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Turbidite is Mud-rich, Sandy whereas that of Coal is Amorphous, Glassy. Turbidite appears Dull and Banded and Coal appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Turbidite is metallic while that of Coal is dull to vitreous to submetallic. Turbidite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, pink colors whereas Coal is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Turbidite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Coal are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry.