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Tuff
Tuff

Serpentinite
Serpentinite



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Tuff
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Tuff vs Serpentinite

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Definition

Definition

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption
A hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rock from the Earth's mantle is called as serpentinization, a group of minerals is formed by serpentinization compose rock 'serpentinite'.

History

Origin

Italy
USA

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff
From English word serpentinization.

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic, Pyroclastic
Earthy

Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Maintenance

More
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull, Vesicular and Foilated
Rough and Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork
Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.
Jadeitite

Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust
Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
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Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Serpentinite is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite
Carbonate, Magnetite, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine, Sulfides

Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide
Ca, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, KCl, MgO, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
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Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-63-5
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven
Uneven

Streak

White
White, Greenish White or Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Dull
Waxy and Dull

Compressive Strength

243.80 N/mm2310.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

-
7

Specific Gravity

2.732.79-3
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

1-1.8 g/cm32.5-3 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.20 kJ/Kg K0.95 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
India, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea

Africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
Ethiopia, Western Africa

Europe

France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
England, Georgia, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Others

Antarctica, Hawaii Islands
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
Canada

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia
Central Australia, New South Wales, New Zealand, Western Australia

Tuff vs Serpentinite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tuff and Serpentinite Reserves. Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. A hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic rock from the Earth's mantle is called as serpentinization, a group of minerals is formed by serpentinization compose rock 'serpentinite'.. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tuff vs Serpentinite information and Tuff vs Serpentinite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Tuff vs Serpentinite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tuff vs Serpentinite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tuff and Properties of Serpentinite. Learn more about Tuff vs Serpentinite in the next section. The interior uses of Tuff include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Serpentinite include Decorative aggregates and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Tuff and Serpentinite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tuff in construction industry include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate and that of Serpentinite include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement.

More about Tuff and Serpentinite

Here you can know more about Tuff and Serpentinite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tuff and Serpentinite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tuff includes Calcite, Chlorite and mineral content of Serpentinite includes Carbonate, Magnetite, Pyrrhotite, Serpentine, Sulfides. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tuff vs Serpentinite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas, Serpentinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors. Appearance of Tuff is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated and that of Serpentinite is Rough and Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tuff vs Serpentinite. The hardness of Tuff is 4-6 and that of Serpentinite is 3-5. The types of Tuff are Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite. whereas types of Serpentinite are Jadeitite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tuff is white while that of Serpentinite is white, greenish white or grey. The specific heat capacity of Tuff is 0.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Serpentinite is 0.95 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tuff is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Serpentinite is heat resistant.