Definition
Tephrite is an aphanitic to porphyritic textured, volcanic igneous rock
  
Basanite is a black basaltic rock which mainly contains plagioclase, augite, olivine and nepheline and is formerly used as a touchstone
  
History
  
  
Origin
Germany
  
Unknown
  
Discoverer
Van Tooren
  
Unknown
  
Etymology
From Greek tephra, ashes from Indo-European base, to burn
  
From Latin basanites + -ite
  
Class
Igneous Rocks
  
Igneous Rocks
  
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
  
Family
  
  
Group
Volcanic
  
Not Applicable
  
Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
  
Texture
Aphanitic to Porphyritic
  
Aphanitic to Porphyritic
  
Color
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
  
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Red, White
  
Maintenance
Less
  
Less
  
Durability
Durable
  
Durable
  
Water Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Scratch Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Stain Resistant
No
  
Yes
  
Wind Resistant
Yes
  
Yes
  
Acid Resistant
No
  
Yes
  
Appearance
Vesicular
  
Glassy or Pearly
  
Architecture
  
  
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
  
Decorative Aggregates, Homes
  
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
  
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
  
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
  
Whetstones
  
Industry
  
  
Construction Industry
Landscaping
  
Arrowheads, Construction Aggregate, Cutting Tool, Spear Points
  
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Sculpture
  
Artifacts, Monuments
  
Other Uses
  
  
Commercial Uses
Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner
  
As a touchstone, Creating Artwork, Gemstone, In fire-starting tools, Manufacture of tools, Metallurgical Flux, Jewelry, To ignite fire, Used in flintlock firearms
  
Types
Not Available
  
Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite
  
Features
Host Rock for Lead
  
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates, Has High structural resistance against erosion and climate, Used as a touchstone
  
Archaeological Significance
  
  
Monuments
Not Yet Used
  
Used
  
Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
  
Data Not Available
  
Sculpture
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
  
Not Applicable
  
Pictographs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Petroglyphs
Not Used
  
Not Used
  
Figurines
Used
  
Not Yet Used
  
Fossils
Absent
  
Absent
  
Formation
Tephrite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
  
Basanite is a fine-grained, hard rock that forms when bits of lava shoot out of volcanoes.
  
Composition
  
  
Mineral Content
Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene
  
Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase
  
Compound Content
CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO, Silicon Dioxide
  
Potassium Oxide, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide
  
Transformation
  
  
Metamorphism
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Metamorphism
Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
  
Weathering
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
  
Erosion
Yes
  
Yes
  
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion
  
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
  
Physical Properties
  
  
Hardness
6.5
  
7
  
Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
  
Fine Grained
  
Fracture
Uneven
  
Uneven, Splintery or Conchoidal
  
Streak
Bluish Black
  
White
  
Porosity
Very Less Porous
  
Highly Porous
  
Luster
Subvitreous to Dull
  
Waxy and Dull
  
Compressive Strength
90.00 N/mm
2
  
22
Not Available
  
Cleavage
Crenulation and Pervasive
  
Non-Existent
  
Toughness
2.4
  
1.5
  
Specific Gravity
2.86
  
2.5-2.8
  
Transparency
Opaque
  
Translucent to Opaque
  
Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3
  
2.7 g/cm3
  
Thermal Properties
  
  
Specific Heat Capacity
0.92 kJ/Kg K
  
10
0.74 kJ/Kg K
  
19
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant
  
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
  
Deposits in Eastern Continents
  
  
Asia
Not Yet Found
  
Not Yet Found
  
Africa
Namibia, Uganda
  
Uganda
  
Europe
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain
  
Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain
  
Others
Not Yet Found
  
Greenland, Mid-Atlantic Ridge
  
Deposits in Western Continents
  
  
North America
USA
  
USA
  
South America
Not Yet Found
  
Bolivia, Brazil
  
Deposits in Oceania Continent
  
  
Australia
New Zealand, Western Australia
  
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
  
Tephrite vs Basanite Characteristics
Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tephrite vs Basanite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tephrite and Properties of Basanite . Learn more about Tephrite vs Basanite in the next section. The interior uses of Tephrite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Basanite include Decorative aggregates and Homes. Due to some exceptional properties of Tephrite and Basanite , they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tephrite in construction industry include Landscaping and that of Basanite include Arrowheads, Construction aggregate, Cutting tool, Spear points.
More about Tephrite and Basanite
Here you can know more about Tephrite and Basanite . The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tephrite and Basanite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tephrite includes Alkali feldspar, Nepheline, Plagioclase, Pyroxene and mineral content of Basanite includes Augite, Feldspar, Ilmenite, Olivine, Plagioclase. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tephrite vs Basanite , the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tephrite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas, Basanite is available in black, brown, green, grey, red, white colors. Appearance of Tephrite is Vesicular and that of Basanite is Glassy or Pearly. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tephrite vs Basanite . The hardness of Tephrite is 6.5 and that of Basanite is 7. The types of Tephrite are Not Available whereas types of Basanite are Nepheline-Basanite, Analcite-Basanite and Leucite-Basanite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tephrite is bluish black while that of Basanite is white. The specific heat capacity of Tephrite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Basanite is 0.74 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tephrite is heat resistant, impact resistant whereas Basanite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.