Tachylite and Nephelinite
Definition
Definition
Tachylite is a vitreous form of basaltic volcanic glass. This glass is formed naturally by the rapid cooling of molten basalt
Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).
History
Origin
Iceland
Brazil
Discoverer
Unknown
Unknown
Etymology
From German Tachylite, from tachy- + Greek lutos soluble, melting
from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē
Class
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Family
Group
Volcanic
Plutonic
Other Categories
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Texture
Texture
Vitreous
Aphanitic
Color
Black, Dark Brown
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
Maintenance
More
Less
Durability
Durable
Durable
Water Resistant
Yes
Yes
Scratch Resistant
No
Yes
Stain Resistant
No
Yes
Wind Resistant
Yes
Yes
Acid Resistant
Yes
Yes
Appearance
Glassy
Skeletal
Uses
Architecture
Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
Curbing
Industry
Construction Industry
Cutting Tool, Knives, Landscaping, Scrapers
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Other Uses
Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
Types
Types
Not Available
Peralkaline Nephelinite
Features
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Clasts are smooth to touch, NA
Host Rock for Lead
Archaeological Significance
Monuments
Not Yet Used
Used
Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Used
Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
Pictographs
Used
Not Used
Petroglyphs
Used
Not Used
Figurines
Not Yet Used
Used
Fossils
Absent
Absent
Formation
Formation
Tachylite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Composition
Mineral Content
Feldspar, Olivine
Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase
Compound Content
Fe, Mg
Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO
Transformation
Metamorphism
Yes
Yes
Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism
Weathering
Yes
Yes
Types of Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Erosion
Yes
Yes
Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Properties
Physical Properties
Hardness
5.5
6.5
Grain Size
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
Fine Grained
Fracture
Conchoidal
Flat
Streak
Vermilion
White
Porosity
Less Porous
Less Porous
Luster
Resinous
Vitreous to Metallic
Compressive Strength
206.00 N/mm2
8
35.00 N/mm2
29
Cleavage
Not Available
Imperfect
Toughness
Not Available
2.7
Specific Gravity
2.4
2.4-2.9
Transparency
Opaque
Opaque
Density
3.058 g/cm3
2.5-3 g/cm3
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat Capacity
0.56 kJ/Kg K
22
0.88 kJ/Kg K
13
Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant
Reserves
Deposits in Eastern Continents
Asia
Cambodia, Russia, South Korea
Japan
Africa
East Africa
Rwanda, Tanzania
Europe
England, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Scotland, Sweden
Not Yet Found
Others
Hawaii Islands
Hawaii Islands
Deposits in Western Continents
North America
USA
Canada, USA
South America
Not Yet Found
Colombia
Deposits in Oceania Continent
Australia
Victoria
Not Yet Found
All about Tachylite and Nephelinite Properties
Know all about Tachylite and Nephelinite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Tachylite and Nephelinite belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Tachylite is Vitreous whereas that of Nephelinite is Aphanitic. Tachylite appears Glassy and Nephelinite appears Skeletal. The luster of Tachylite is resinous while that of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic. Tachylite is available in black, dark brown colors whereas Nephelinite is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors. The commercial uses of Tachylite are cemetery markers, creating artwork and that of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).
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