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Skarn
Skarn

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Tuff



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Skarn vs Tuff

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1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin
Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
USA, Australia
Italy
1.2.2 Discoverer
Tornebohm
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From an old Swedish mining term originally used to describe a type of silicate gangue or waste rock.
From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Volcanic
1.6 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Earthy, Mud-rich, Rough
Clastic, Pyroclastic
2.2 Color
Black, Brown, Colourless, Green, Grey, White
Brown, Grey, Yellow
2.3 Maintenance
Less
More
2.4 Durability
Durable
Durable
2.4.1 Water Resistant
81% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
81% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
86% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
42% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
66% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
19% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
49% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
15% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
48% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
2.5 Appearance
Dull
Dull, Vesicular and Foilated
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
Curbing
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Gold and Silver production, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories
Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Applicable
Not Yet Used
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Creating Artwork, Gemstone, Jewelry, Metallurgical Flux, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
Creating Artwork
4 Types
4.1 Types
Endoskarns
Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.
4.2 Features
Host Rock for Lead, Zinc and Copper Deposits
Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Used
Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Data Not Available
Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
4.3.3 Sculpture
Used
Used
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Data Not Available
Data Not Available
4.3.5 Pictographs
Not Used
Used
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
Not Used
Used
4.3.7 Figurines
Used
Used
4.4 Fossils
Absent
Absent
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Skarn is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite
Calcite, Chlorite
5.2.2 Compound Content
Au, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Cu, Fe, MgO
Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
50% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
97% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
5.3.3 Weathering
65% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
99% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Not Applicable
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
5.3.5 Erosion
77% Metamorphic Rocks Rocks have it !
92% Igneous Rocks Rocks have it !
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Not Applicable
Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
6.5
4-6
6.1.2 Grain Size
Fine Grained
Fine Grained
6.1.3 Fracture
Irregular
Uneven
6.1.4 Streak
Light to dark brown
White
6.1.5 Porosity
Less Porous
Highly Porous
6.1.6 Luster
Waxy and Dull
Vitreous to Dull
6.1.7 Compressive Strength
Flint
Not Available
Rank: N/A (Overall)
243.80 N/mm2
Rank: 5 (Overall)
Obsidian
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6.1.8 Cleavage
Slaty
Not Available
6.1.9 Toughness
2.4
Not Available
6.1.10 Specific Gravity
2.86
2.73
6.1.11 Transparency
Opaque
Opaque
6.1.12 Density
2.8-2.9 g/cm3
1-1.8 g/cm3
6.2 Thermal Properties
6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
Banded iron for..
0.92 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0.20 kJ/Kg K
Rank: 25 (Overall)
Granulite
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6.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
7 Reserves
7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
7.1.1 Asia
China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Sri Lanka
Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
7.1.2 Africa
South Africa, Western Africa
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
7.1.3 Europe
United Kingdom
France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
7.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Antarctica, Hawaii Islands
7.2 Deposits in Western Continents
7.2.1 North America
Canada
Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
7.2.2 South America
Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay
Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
7.3.1 Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia

Skarn vs Tuff Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Skarn and Tuff Reserves. Skarns are formed during regional or contact metamorphism and from a variety of metasomatic processes involving fluids of magmatic, metamorphic, and/or marine origin. Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Skarn vs Tuff information and Skarn vs Tuff characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Skarn vs Tuff Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Skarn vs Tuff characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Skarn and Properties of Tuff. Learn more about Skarn vs Tuff in the next section. The interior uses of Skarn include Decorative aggregates, Entryways and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Tuff include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Skarn and Tuff, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Skarn in construction industry include As a flux in the production of steel and pig iron, As a sintering agent in steel industry to process iron ore, As dimension stone, Gold and silver production, Manufacture of magnesium and dolomite refractories and that of Tuff include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate.

More about Skarn and Tuff

Here you can know more about Skarn and Tuff. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Skarn and Tuff consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Skarn includes Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Garnet, Magnetite, Pyroxene, Titanite and mineral content of Tuff includes Calcite, Chlorite. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Skarn vs Tuff, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Skarn is available in black, brown, colourless, green, grey, white colors whereas, Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors. Appearance of Skarn is Dull and that of Tuff is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated. Properties of rock is another aspect for Skarn vs Tuff. The hardness of Skarn is 6.5 and that of Tuff is 4-6. The types of Skarn are Endoskarns whereas types of Tuff are Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Skarn is light to dark brown while that of Tuff is white. The specific heat capacity of Skarn is 0.92 kJ/Kg K and that of Tuff is 0.20 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Skarn is heat resistant whereas Tuff is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.