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Tuff
Tuff

Pseudotachylite
Pseudotachylite



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Pseudotachylite

Tuff vs Pseudotachylite

Definition

Definition

Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption
Very fine grained fault rock which is composed of glassy matrix that often contains inclusions of wall-rock fragments.

History

Origin

Italy
USA

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

From a Latin word tophous then in Italian tufo and finally tuff
From pseudo- +‎ tachylite, a glassy rock generated by frictional heat within faults.

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Clastic, Pyroclastic
Quench

Color

Brown, Grey, Yellow
Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

More
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull, Vesicular and Foilated
Dull and Soft

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork
Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Types

Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite.
Cataclastic rock

Features

Always found as volcanic pipes over deep continental crust
Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

Easter Island in the Polynesian Triangle, Pacific Ocean
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Tuff is formed when large masses of ash and sand which are mixed with hot gases are ejected by a volcano and avalanche rapidly down its slopes.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Pseudotachylite is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Chlorite
Iron Oxides, Pyroxene, Quartz, Stishovite, Sulfides

Compound Content

Hydrogen Sulfide, Sulfur Dioxide
Carbon Dioxide, Silicon Dioxide, Sulfur Dioxide, Sulphur

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
-

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
-

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-67
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Very fine-grained

Fracture

Uneven
Uneven

Streak

White
Light to dark brown

Porosity

Highly Porous
Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Dull
Vitreous

Compressive Strength

243.80 N/mm260.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
-

Toughness

-
-

Specific Gravity

2.732.46-2.86
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Transparent to Translucent

Density

1-1.8 g/cm32.7-2.9 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.20 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant
Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam, Yemen
South Korea

Africa

Cameroon, Cape Verde, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda
Western Africa

Europe

France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, United Kingdom
Great Britain, Switzerland

Others

Antarctica, Hawaii Islands
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA
-

South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay
-

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia

Tuff vs Pseudotachylite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Tuff and Pseudotachylite Reserves. Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Very fine grained fault rock which is composed of glassy matrix that often contains inclusions of wall-rock fragments.. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Tuff vs Pseudotachylite information and Tuff vs Pseudotachylite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Tuff vs Pseudotachylite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Tuff vs Pseudotachylite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Tuff and Properties of Pseudotachylite. Learn more about Tuff vs Pseudotachylite in the next section. The interior uses of Tuff include Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Pseudotachylite include Decorative aggregates, Entryways and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Tuff and Pseudotachylite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Tuff in construction industry include Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate and that of Pseudotachylite include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, For road aggregate, Making natural cement.

More about Tuff and Pseudotachylite

Here you can know more about Tuff and Pseudotachylite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Tuff and Pseudotachylite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Tuff includes Calcite, Chlorite and mineral content of Pseudotachylite includes Iron Oxides, Pyroxene, Quartz, Stishovite, Sulfides. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Tuff vs Pseudotachylite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Tuff is available in brown, grey, yellow colors whereas, Pseudotachylite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. Appearance of Tuff is Dull, Vesicular and Foilated and that of Pseudotachylite is Dull and Soft. Properties of rock is another aspect for Tuff vs Pseudotachylite. The hardness of Tuff is 4-6 and that of Pseudotachylite is 7. The types of Tuff are Welded tuff, Rhyolitic tuff, Basaltic tuff, Trachyte tuff, Andesitic tuff and Ignimbrite. whereas types of Pseudotachylite are Cataclastic rock. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Tuff is white while that of Pseudotachylite is light to dark brown. The specific heat capacity of Tuff is 0.20 kJ/Kg K and that of Pseudotachylite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Tuff is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant whereas Pseudotachylite is heat resistant.