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Pegmatite
Pegmatite

Hornfels
Hornfels



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Pegmatite
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Hornfels

Pegmatite vs Hornfels

Definition

Definition

Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals
Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

History

Origin

-
New Zealand

Discoverer

R. J. Hauy
Unknown

Etymology

From Greek pegma, pegmat which means- thing joined together + -ite
From German which means hornstone

Class

Igneous Rocks
Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic
-

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Pegmatitic
Granular, Platy

Color

Black, Brown, Cream, Green, Grey, Pink, Red, Rust, Silver, White, Yellow
Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny
Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping
for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Monuments

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Jewelry, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Types

Types

Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite
Biotite hornfels

Features

Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Source of corundum, tourmalines, beryls and topaz
Smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Pegmatite rock is holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is formed by partial melting and dewatering during the process of metamorphism.
Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz
Andalusite

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Phosphorus Pentoxide
Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

72-3
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Coarse Grained
Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
Conchoidal

Streak

White
-

Porosity

Less Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Grainy, Pearly and Vitreous
Shiny

Compressive Strength

178.54 N/mm25.80 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect
Perfect

Toughness

2.1
-

Specific Gravity

2.6-2.633.4-3.9
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.6-2.65 g/cm30.25-0.30 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.79 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Iran, Japan, Nepal, North Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea
Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Africa

South Africa
Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Europe

Austria, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Slovakia, Spain, Turkey, Ukraine
United Kingdom

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada
Canada, USA

South America

Brazil
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Pegmatite vs Hornfels Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Pegmatite and Hornfels Reserves. Pegmatite rock is a holocrystalline, intrusive igneous rock which is composed of interlocking phaneritic crystals. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Pegmatite vs Hornfels information and Pegmatite vs Hornfels characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Pegmatite vs Hornfels Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Pegmatite vs Hornfels characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Pegmatite and Properties of Hornfels. Learn more about Pegmatite vs Hornfels in the next section. The interior uses of Pegmatite include Decorative aggregates, Flooring and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Pegmatite and Hornfels, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Pegmatite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Building houses or walls, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Landscaping and that of Hornfels include For road aggregate, Roadstone.

More about Pegmatite and Hornfels

Here you can know more about Pegmatite and Hornfels. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Pegmatite and Hornfels consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Pegmatite includes Apatite, Beryl, Feldspar, Fluorite, Garnet, Lepidolite, Quartz, Silica, Spodumene, Topaz and mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Pegmatite vs Hornfels, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Pegmatite is available in black, brown, cream, green, grey, pink, red, rust, silver, white, yellow colors whereas, Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors. Appearance of Pegmatite is Layered, Banded, Veined and Shiny and that of Hornfels is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Pegmatite vs Hornfels. The hardness of Pegmatite is 7 and that of Hornfels is 2-3. The types of Pegmatite are Granite Pegmatite, Gabbro Pegmatite and Diorite Pegmatite whereas types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Pegmatite is white while that of Hornfels is . The specific heat capacity of Pegmatite is 0.79 kJ/Kg K and that of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Pegmatite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.