Pantellerite

Anthracite

Pantellerite and Anthracite

Pantellerite

Anthracite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Pantellerite is a peralkaline rhyolite. It has a higher iron and lower aluminium composition than comendite

Anthracite is a type of sedimentary rock which is hard and is variety of coal that has high luster

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

Strait of sicily

Pennsylvania, U.S.

1.2.2 Discoverer

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From Pantelleria, a volcanic island in the Strait of Sicily

From Greek anthrakites, from anthrax, anthrak meaning coal

1.4 Class

Igneous Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Volcanic

Not Applicable

1.6 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Eutaxitic

Amorphous, Glassy

2.2 Color

Dark Greenish - Grey

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

2.5 Appearance

Layered and Foliated

Veined or Pebbled

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Not Yet Used

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

Not Yet Used

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Not Yet Used

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Manufacture of Aspirins

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Sculpture

Not Yet Used

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork

Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry

4 Types

4.1 Types

Pantelleritic Ignimbrite

Semi-anthracite and Meta-anthracite

4.2 Features

High Fe content

Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Not Yet Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Not Applicable

4.3.3 Sculpture

Not Yet Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Not Applicable

4.3.5 Pictographs

Not Used

Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Not Used

Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Not Yet Used

4.4 Fossils

Absent

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Pantellerite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Anthracite forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. When plant debris dies and falls into the swamp, the standing water of the swamp protects it from decay.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Amphibole, Feldspar, Ilmenite

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals

5.2.2 Compound Content

Al, Fe

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Not Applicable

5.3.6 Erosion

✔ ✘

5.3.7 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Not Applicable

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

6-71-1.5

1 7

6.1.2 Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

6.1.3 Fracture

Sub-conchoidal

Conchoidal

6.1.4 Streak

Unknown

Black

6.1.5 Porosity

Less Porous

6.1.6 Luster

Earthy

Shiny

6.1.7 Compressive Strength

NANA

0.15 450

6.1.8 Cleavage

Conchoidal

Non-Existent

6.1.9 Toughness

Not Available

6.1.10 Specific Gravity

Not Available1.1-1.4

0 8.4

6.1.11 Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

6.1.12 Density

Not Available1.25-2.5 g/cm³

0 1400

6.2 Thermal Properties

6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

NA1.32 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

6.2.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Water Resistant

7 Reserves

7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

7.1.1 Asia

China, India

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

7.1.2 Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

7.1.3 Europe

Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

7.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

7.2 Deposits in Western Continents

7.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Mexico, USA

7.2.2 South America

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

7.3.1 Australia

Central Australia, Queensland, Western Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

All about Pantellerite and Anthracite Properties

Know all about Pantellerite and Anthracite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Pantellerite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Anthracite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Pantellerite is Eutaxitic whereas that of Anthracite is Amorphous, Glassy. Pantellerite appears Layered and Foliated and Anthracite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Pantellerite is earthy while that of Anthracite is shiny. Pantellerite is available in dark greenish - grey colors whereas Anthracite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. The commercial uses of Pantellerite are creating artwork and that of Anthracite are alumina refineries, electricity generation, liquid fuel, manufacture of soap, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, paper industry.