Obsidian

Turbidite

Obsidian and Turbidite

Obsidian

Turbidite

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Definition

Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock. It is produced when felsic lava extruded from a volcano cools rapidly with minimum crystal growth

A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles

History

Origin

Ethiopia

European Foreland Basins

Discoverer

Obsius

Arnold H. Bouma

Etymology

From Latin obsidianus, misprint of Obsianus (lapis) (stone) of Obsius

From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Glassy

Mud-rich, Sandy

Color

Black, Blue, Brown, Green, Orange, Red, Tan, Yellow

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Shiny

Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Garden Decoration

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

Arrowheads, Cutting Tool, Knives, Scrapers, Spear Points

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

Surgery

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Jewellery

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Mirror, Used in aquariums

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Fireworks Obsidian, Mahogany, Sheen Obsidian, Snowflake obsidian and Velvet Peacock Obsidian

Sedimentary rock

Features

Blocks negativity, Helps to protect against depression

High silica content, Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

When the lava is released from volcano, it undergoes a very rapid cooling which freezes the mechanisms of crystallization. The result is a volcanic glass with a uniform smooth texture.

Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.

Composition

Mineral Content

Coesite, Quartz, Sand

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

5-5.53

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Splintery

Streak

White

White, Greenish White or Grey

Porosity

Very Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Metallic

Compressive Strength

0.15 N/mm²200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Disjunctive

Toughness

2.4

Specific Gravity

2.6-2.72.46-2.73

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent

Opaque

Density

2.6 g/cm³1.6-2.5 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.92 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Africa

Kenya

Western Africa

Europe

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Brazil, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Obsidian and Turbidite Properties

Know all about Obsidian and Turbidite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Obsidian belongs to Igneous Rocks while Turbidite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Obsidian is Glassy whereas that of Turbidite is Mud-rich, Sandy. Obsidian appears Shiny and Turbidite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Obsidian is vitreous while that of Turbidite is metallic. Obsidian is available in black, blue, brown, green, orange, red, tan, yellow colors whereas Turbidite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink colors. The commercial uses of Obsidian are creating artwork, mirror, used in aquariums and that of Turbidite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.