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Nephelinite
Nephelinite

Greywacke
Greywacke



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Nephelinite
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Greywacke

Nephelinite vs Greywacke

Definition

Definition

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).
Greywacke is defined as a dark coarse-grained sandstone rock which contains more than 15 per cent clay

History

Origin

Brazil
-

Discoverer

Unknown
Unknown

Etymology

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē
From German Grauwacke, from grau grey + wacke

Class

Igneous Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic
-

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Aphanitic
Clastic

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White
Beige, Black, Brown, Cream, Dark Brown, Green, Grey, Light Green, Light to Dark Grey, Pink, Red, White, Yellow

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Skeletal
Dull

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing, Whetstones

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
Artifacts, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)
As armour rock for sea walls, Petroleum reservoirs, Sea Defence, Tombstones

Types

Types

Peralkaline Nephelinite
Greywacke

Features

Host Rock for Lead
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Non-vesicular, Veined

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Present

Formation

Formation

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.
Graywacke rock is a type of sedimentary rock, which is also known as immature sandstone, which is indurated, dark grey and consisting of poorly sorted angular to sub-angular, sand-sized grains.

Composition

Mineral Content

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase
Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO
Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Chromium(III) Oxide, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism
-

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering
Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.56-7
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Angular and Fine

Fracture

Flat
Conchoidal

Streak

White
White

Porosity

Less Porous
Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Metallic
Dull

Compressive Strength

35.00 N/mm2120.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

-
Perfect

Toughness

2.7
2.6

Specific Gravity

2.4-2.92.2-2.8
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

2.5-3 g/cm32.6-2.61 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.88 kJ/Kg K0.71 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Japan
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan

Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Europe

-
Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Others

Hawaii Islands
Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
Canada, USA

South America

Colombia
Brazil

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

-
New South Wales, New Zealand

Nephelinite vs Greywacke Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Nephelinite and Greywacke Reserves. Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).. Greywacke is defined as a dark coarse-grained sandstone rock which contains more than 15 per cent clay. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Nephelinite vs Greywacke information and Nephelinite vs Greywacke characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Nephelinite vs Greywacke Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Nephelinite vs Greywacke characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Nephelinite and Properties of Greywacke. Learn more about Nephelinite vs Greywacke in the next section. The interior uses of Nephelinite include Decorative aggregates, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Greywacke include Decorative aggregates, Floor tiles, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Nephelinite and Greywacke, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Nephelinite in construction industry include As dimension stone, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate and that of Greywacke include Building houses or walls, Cement manufacture, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar.

More about Nephelinite and Greywacke

Here you can know more about Nephelinite and Greywacke. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Nephelinite and Greywacke consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Nephelinite includes Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase and mineral content of Greywacke includes Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Chlorite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz. You can also check out the list of all Igneous Rocks. When we have to compare Nephelinite vs Greywacke, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Nephelinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas, Greywacke is available in beige, black, brown, cream, dark brown, green, grey, light green, light to dark grey, pink, red, white, yellow colors. Appearance of Nephelinite is Skeletal and that of Greywacke is Dull. Properties of rock is another aspect for Nephelinite vs Greywacke. The hardness of Nephelinite is 6.5 and that of Greywacke is 6-7. The types of Nephelinite are Peralkaline Nephelinite whereas types of Greywacke are Greywacke. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Nephelinite and Greywacke is white. The specific heat capacity of Nephelinite is 0.88 kJ/Kg K and that of Greywacke is 0.71 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Nephelinite is heat resistant whereas Greywacke is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant.