Nephelinite

Scoria

Nephelinite and Scoria

Nephelinite

Scoria

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Definition

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

Scoria is a dark-colored extrusive igneous rock with abundant round bubble-like cavities

History

Origin

Brazil

Discoverer

Unknown

Etymology

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

From late Middle English (denoting slag from molten metal), from Greek skōria refuse, from skōr dung

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic

Vesicular

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Dark Grey to Black, Red

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Skeletal

Glassy and Vesicular

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, In landscaping and drainage works

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

As a traction material on snow-covered roads, Creating Artwork, High-temperature insulation, In gas barbecue grills

Types

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Basaltic Scoria and Andesitic Scoria

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Surfaces are often shiny

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Scoria forms when magma containing huge amount of dissolved gas flows from a volcano during an eruption.

Composition

Mineral Content

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Apatite, Biotite, Calcite, Feldspar, Hematite, Hornblade, Ilmenite, Magnetite, Olivine, Pyroxene, Quartz, Silica

Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

Ca, NaCl

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Glacier Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.55-6

1 7

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Grain Size

Fine Grained

Fracture

Flat

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Highly Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Metallic

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

35.00 N/mm²70.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.7

2.1

Specific Gravity

2.4-2.9-9999

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.5-3 g/cm³-9999 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.88 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Japan

Afghanistan, Indonesia, Japan, Russia

Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania

Europe

Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Turkey

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Bahamas, Barbados, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, USA

South America

Colombia

Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Peru

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Nephelinite and Scoria Properties

Know all about Nephelinite and Scoria properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Nephelinite and Scoria belong to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Nephelinite is Aphanitic whereas that of Scoria is Vesicular. Nephelinite appears Skeletal and Scoria appears Glassy and Vesicular. The luster of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic while that of Scoria is subvitreous to dull. Nephelinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Scoria is available in black, brown, dark grey to black, red colors. The commercial uses of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo) and that of Scoria are as a traction material on snow-covered roads, creating artwork, high-temperature insulation, in gas barbecue grills.