Nephelinite

Dolomite

Nephelinite and Dolomite

Nephelinite

Dolomite

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Definition

Nephelinite is a fine-grained or aphanitic igneous rock made up almost entirely of nepheline and clinopyroxene (variety augite).

Dolomite is a sedimentary rock containing more than 50 percent of the mineral dolomite by weight

History

Origin

Brazil

Southern Alps, France

Discoverer

Unknown

Dolomieu

Etymology

from French néphéline, from Greek nephelē

From French, from the name of Dolomieu (1750–1801), the French geologist who discovered the rock

Class

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Aphanitic

Earthy

Color

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, White

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Skeletal

Glassy or Pearly

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As a Flux in the Production of Steel and Pig Iron, As a Sintering Agent in Steel Industry to process Iron Ore, As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Manufacture of Magnesium and Dolomite Refractories, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Serves as an Oil and Gas Reservoir rock

Medical Industry

Taken as a Supplement for Calcium or Magnesium

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts, Jewellery, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Creating Artwork, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

An Oil and Gas Reservoir, As a Feed Additive for Livestock, Gemstone, Metallurgical Flux, Production of Lime, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO)

Types

Peralkaline Nephelinite

Boninite and Jasperoid

Features

Host Rock for Lead

Host Rock for Lead, Traps for subsurface fluids like Oil and Natural Gas., Zinc and Copper Deposits

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Nephelinite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Dolomite rocks are originally deposited as calcite or aragonite rich limestone, but during diagenesis process, the calcite or aragonite is transformed into dolomite.

Composition

Mineral Content

Clinopyroxene, Nepheline, Plagioclase

Clay Minerals, Pyrite, Quartz, Sulfides

Compound Content

Ca, CaO, Carbon, Cl, MgO

NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Contact Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

6.53.5-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Flat

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous to Metallic

Vitreous and Pearly

Compressive Strength

35.00 N/mm²140.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

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Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

2.7

Specific Gravity

2.4-2.92.8-3

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Transparent to Translucent

Density

2.5-3 g/cm³2.8-2.9 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.88 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Heat Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Japan

China, India

Africa

Rwanda, Tanzania

Morocco, Namibia

Europe

Austria, Italy, Romania, Spain, Switzerland

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Mexico, USA

South America

Colombia

Brazil, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Yorke Peninsula

All about Nephelinite and Dolomite Properties

Know all about Nephelinite and Dolomite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Nephelinite belongs to Igneous Rocks while Dolomite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Nephelinite is Aphanitic whereas that of Dolomite is Earthy. Nephelinite appears Skeletal and Dolomite appears Glassy or Pearly. The luster of Nephelinite is vitreous to metallic while that of Dolomite is vitreous and pearly. Nephelinite is available in black, brown, green, grey, white colors whereas Dolomite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Nephelinite are creating artwork, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo) and that of Dolomite are an oil and gas reservoir, as a feed additive for livestock, gemstone, metallurgical flux, production of lime, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo).