Lignite

Eclogite

Lignite and Eclogite

Lignite

Eclogite

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Definition

Lignite is a soft brownish coal which shows traces of plants and is intermediate between bituminous coal and peat

Eclogite is an extreme metamorphic rock, formed by regional metamorphism of basalt rock under very high pressure and temperature

History

Origin

France

Discoverer

Unknown

René Just Haüy

Etymology

From French, Latin lignum wood + -ite1

From French, Greek eklogē selection with reference to the selective content of the rock + -ite1

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Amorphous, Glassy

Earthy

Color

Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Veined or Pebbled

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Steel Production

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Medicines and Cosmetics

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Electricity Generation

Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Xyloid Lignite or Fossil Wood and Compact Lignite or Perfect Lignite

Eclogite

Features

Generally rough to touch, Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Coal formation takes place due to accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment. The Coal formation process continues, as peat turns into lignite brown or black coal at increasing heat and pressure.

Eclogite forms from high-pressure metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks mainly, basalt or gabbro as it plunges into the mantle in a subduction zone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Amphibole, Coesite, Corundum, Dolomite, Garnet, Kyanite, Lawsonite, Paragonite, Phengite, Pyroxene, Quartz, Rutile, Zoisite

Compound Content

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Potassium, Sodium

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

13.5-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

Black

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

-200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

Specific Gravity

1.1-1.42.86-2.87

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

800-801 g/cm³3.2-3.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

1.26 kJ/Kg K0.75 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam

India, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey

Africa

Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania

Ethiopia, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom

France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Scotland

Others

Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, Mexico, USA

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland

All about Lignite and Eclogite Properties

Know all about Lignite and Eclogite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Lignite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Eclogite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Lignite is Amorphous, Glassy whereas that of Eclogite is Earthy. Lignite appears Veined or Pebbled and Eclogite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Lignite is dull to vitreous to submetallic while that of Eclogite is subvitreous to dull. Lignite is available in black, brown, dark brown, grey, light to dark grey colors whereas Eclogite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Lignite are electricity generation and that of Eclogite are creating artwork, gemstone.