Hornfels

Dacite

Hornfels vs Dacite

Hornfels

Dacite

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1 Definition

1.1 Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

Dacite is a volcanic igneous rock which is rintermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite

1.2 History

1.2.1 Origin

New Zealand

Romania and Moldova, Europe

1.2.2 Discoverer

Unknown

1.3 Etymology

From German which means hornstone

From Dacia, a province of the Roman Empire which lay between the Danube River and Carpathian Mountains where the rock was first described

1.4 Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

1.4.1 Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

1.5 Family

1.5.1 Group

Not Applicable

Volcanic

1.6 Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

2 Texture

2.1 Texture

Granular, Platy

Aphanitic to Porphyritic

2.2 Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Bluish - Grey, Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey

2.3 Maintenance

Less

2.4 Durability

Durable

2.4.1 Water Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.2 Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.3 Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.4 Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

2.4.5 Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

2.5 Appearance

Dull

Vesicular

3 Uses

3.1 Architecture

3.1.1 Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Interior Decoration

3.1.2 Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

3.2 Industry

3.2.1 Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

As Dimension Stone, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Landscaping

3.2.2 Medical Industry

Not Yet Used

3.3 Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments

Artifacts

3.4 Other Uses

3.4.1 Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

4 Types

4.1 Types

Biotite hornfels

Footwall Dacite, Hanging wall Dacite, Tuff and Biotite Dacite

4.2 Features

Smooth to touch

Host Rock for Lead, Is one of the oldest rock

4.3 Archaeological Significance

4.3.1 Monuments

Used

Not Yet Used

4.3.2 Famous Monuments

Data Not Available

Not Applicable

4.3.3 Sculpture

Not Yet Used

4.3.4 Famous Sculptures

Not Applicable

4.3.5 Pictographs

Used

4.3.6 Petroglyphs

Used

4.3.7 Figurines

Not Yet Used

4.4 Fossils

Absent

5 Formation

5.1 Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Dacitic magma is formed by the subduction of young oceanic crust under a thick felsic continental plate. Further, the Oceanic crust is hydrothermally altered as quartz and sodium are added.

5.2 Composition

5.2.1 Mineral Content

Andalusite

Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon

5.2.2 Compound Content

Fe, Mg

Ca, Fe, Potassium Oxide, Mg, Potassium, Silicon Dioxide

5.3 Transformation

5.3.1 Metamorphism

✔ ✘

5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism

Not Applicable

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism

5.3.3 Weathering

✔ ✘

5.3.4 Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

5.3.5 Erosion

✔ ✘

5.3.6 Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion

6 Properties

6.1 Physical Properties

6.1.1 Hardness

2-32-2.25

1 7

6.1.2 Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

6.1.3 Fracture

Conchoidal

6.1.4 Streak

Unknown

White

6.1.5 Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

6.1.6 Luster

Shiny

Subvitreous to Dull

6.1.7 Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm²NA

0.15 450

6.1.8 Cleavage

Perfect

6.1.9 Toughness

Not Yet Found

Not Available

6.1.10 Specific Gravity

3.4-3.92.86-2.87

0 8.4

6.1.11 Transparency

Opaque

Translucent

6.1.12 Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm³2.77-2.771 g/cm³

0 1400

6.2 Thermal Properties

6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

6.2.2 Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant, Wear Resistant

7 Reserves

7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents

7.1.1 Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

Not Yet Found

7.1.2 Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

Not Yet Found

7.1.3 Europe

United Kingdom

France, Greece, Romania, Scotland, Spain

7.1.4 Others

Not Yet Found

7.2 Deposits in Western Continents

7.2.1 North America

Canada, USA

USA

7.2.2 South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent

7.3.1 Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

New Zealand, South Australia, Western Australia

Hornfels vs Dacite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Hornfels and Dacite Reserves. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. Dacite is a volcanic igneous rock which is rintermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Hornfels vs Dacite information and Hornfels vs Dacite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

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Hornfels vs Dacite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Hornfels vs Dacite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Hornfels and Properties of Dacite. Learn more about Hornfels vs Dacite in the next section. The interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Dacite include Decorative aggregates, Entryways and Interior decoration. Due to some exceptional properties of Hornfels and Dacite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Hornfels in construction industry include For road aggregate, Roadstone and that of Dacite include As dimension stone, Construction aggregate, For road aggregate, Landscaping.

More about Hornfels and Dacite

Here you can know more about Hornfels and Dacite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Hornfels and Dacite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite and mineral content of Dacite includes Amphibole, Apatite, Biotite, Feldspar, Garnet, Hornblade, Magnetite, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Zircon. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Hornfels vs Dacite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas, Dacite is available in bluish - grey, brown, grey, light to dark grey colors. Appearance of Hornfels is Dull and that of Dacite is Vesicular. Properties of rock is another aspect for Hornfels vs Dacite. The hardness of Hornfels is 2-3 and that of Dacite is 2-2.25. The types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels whereas types of Dacite are Footwall Dacite, Hanging wall Dacite, Tuff and Biotite Dacite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Hornfels is unknown while that of Dacite is white. The specific heat capacity of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Dacite is 0.92 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Dacite is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant, wear resistant.