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Hornfels
Hornfels

Charnockite
Charnockite



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Hornfels
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Charnockite

Hornfels vs Charnockite

Definition

Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock
Charnockite is a variety of granite containing minerals like orthopyroxene, quartz, and feldspar

History

Origin

New Zealand
Tamil Nadu, India

Discoverer

Unknown
T. H. Holland

Etymology

From German which means hornstone
From Job Charnock, an administtrator of East India Company

Class

Metamorphic Rocks
Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

-
Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Texture

Granular, Platy
Granular

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown
Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less
Less

Durability

Durable
Durable

Water Resistant

Scratch Resistant

Stain Resistant

Wind Resistant

Acid Resistant

Appearance

Dull
Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Resorts

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing
Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone
As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry

-
-

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork
Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Types

Types

Biotite hornfels
Enderbite

Features

Smooth to touch
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

-
-

Famous Monuments

-
-

Sculpture

-
-

Famous Sculptures

-
-

Pictographs

-
-

Petroglyphs

-
-

Figurines

-
-

Fossils

Absent
Absent

Formation

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.
Charnockite is an intrusive igneous rock which is very hard and is formed due to weathering of existing rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite
Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Fe, Mg
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

Types of Metamorphism

-
Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering
Biological Weathering

Erosion

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-36-7
1 7
👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained
Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal
-

Streak

-
White

Porosity

Highly Porous
Very Less Porous

Luster

Shiny
-

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm2190.00 N/mm2
0.15 450
👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect
-

Toughness

-
-

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.9-9999
0 8.4
👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque
Opaque

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm32.6 g/cm3
0 1400
👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K
0.14 3.2
👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand
India

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa
East Africa, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique

Europe

United Kingdom
Albania, Romania, Scotland, United Kingdom

Others

-
-

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA
USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia
Central Australia, Western Australia

Hornfels vs Charnockite Information

Earth’s outer layer is covered by rocks and these rocks have different physical and chemical properties. As two rocks are not same, it’s fun to compare them. You can also know more about Hornfels and Charnockite Reserves. Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock. Charnockite is a variety of granite containing minerals like orthopyroxene, quartz, and feldspar. These rocks are composed of many distinct minerals. The process of formation of rocks is different for various rocks. Rocks are quarried from many years for various purposes. You can check out Hornfels vs Charnockite information and Hornfels vs Charnockite characteristics in the upcoming sections.

Hornfels vs Charnockite Characteristics

Though some rocks look identical, they have certain characteristics which distinguish them from others. Characteristics of rocks include texture, appearance, color, fracture, streak, hardness etc. Hornfels vs Charnockite characteristics assist us to distinguish and recognize rocks. Also you can check about Properties of Hornfels and Properties of Charnockite. Learn more about Hornfels vs Charnockite in the next section. The interior uses of Hornfels include Decorative aggregates, Flooring, Homes and Interior decoration whereas the interior uses of Charnockite include Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative aggregates, Entryways, Floor tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens and Stair treads. Due to some exceptional properties of Hornfels and Charnockite, they have various applications in construction industry. The uses of Hornfels in construction industry include For road aggregate, Roadstone and that of Charnockite include As dimension stone.

More about Hornfels and Charnockite

Here you can know more about Hornfels and Charnockite. The life cycle of a rock consists of formation of rock, composition of rock and transformation of rock. The composition of Hornfels and Charnockite consists of mineral content and compound content. The mineral content of Hornfels includes Andalusite and mineral content of Charnockite includes Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz. You can also check out the list of all Metamorphic Rocks. When we have to compare Hornfels vs Charnockite, the texture, color and appearance plays an important role in determining the type of rock. Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas, Charnockite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors. Appearance of Hornfels is Dull and that of Charnockite is Veined or Pebbled. Properties of rock is another aspect for Hornfels vs Charnockite. The hardness of Hornfels is 2-3 and that of Charnockite is 6-7. The types of Hornfels are Biotite hornfels whereas types of Charnockite are Enderbite. Streak of rock is the color of powder produced when it is dragged across an unweathered surface. The streak of Hornfels is while that of Charnockite is white. The specific heat capacity of Hornfels is 0.84 kJ/Kg K and that of Charnockite is 0.84 kJ/Kg K. Depending on the properties like hardness, toughness, specific heat capacity, porosity etc., rocks are resistant to heat, wear, impact, etc.Hornfels is heat resistant, impact resistant, pressure resistant whereas Charnockite is heat resistant, wear resistant.