Hornfels

Charnockite

Hornfels and Charnockite

Hornfels

Charnockite

Add ⊕

Definition

Hornfels is a metamorphic rock formed by the contact between mudstone or other clay rich rock, and a hot igneous body, and represents a heat altered equivalent of the original rock

Charnockite is a variety of granite containing minerals like orthopyroxene, quartz, and feldspar

History

Origin

New Zealand

Tamil Nadu, India

Discoverer

Unknown

T. H. Holland

Etymology

From German which means hornstone

From Job Charnock, an administtrator of East India Company

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Granular, Platy

Granular

Color

Brown, Dark Greenish - Grey, Green, Reddish Brown

Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Resorts

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

for Road Aggregate, Roadstone

As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Types

Biotite hornfels

Enderbite

Features

Smooth to touch

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Due to change in environmental conditions, rocks are heated and pressurized deep inside the Earth's surface. Hornfels is formed from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Charnockite is an intrusive igneous rock which is very hard and is formed due to weathering of existing rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Andalusite

Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Fe, Mg

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

2-36-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Shiny

Compressive Strength

5.80 N/mm²190.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

Specific Gravity

3.4-3.9-9999

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

0.25-0.30 g/cm³2.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, North Korea, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Thailand

India

Africa

Cameroon, East Africa, Tanzania, Western Africa

East Africa, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique

Europe

United Kingdom

Albania, Romania, Scotland, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

USA

South America

Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, New Zealand, Queensland, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Hornfels and Charnockite Properties

Know all about Hornfels and Charnockite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Hornfels belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Charnockite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Hornfels is Granular, Platy whereas that of Charnockite is Granular. Hornfels appears Dull and Charnockite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Hornfels is shiny while that of Charnockite is . Hornfels is available in brown, dark greenish - grey, green, reddish brown colors whereas Charnockite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Hornfels are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Charnockite are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, tombstones.