1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers called coal beds
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
1.2.2 Discoverer
Cornish Gossen
John Peter Salley
1.3 Etymology
From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit
From the Old English term col, which has meant mineral of fossilized carbon since the 13th century
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Soft Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Rough, Sandy
Amorphous, Glassy
2.2 Color
Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust
Black, Brown, Dark Brown, Grey, Light to Dark Grey
2.3 Maintenance
2.4 Durability
2.4.1 Water Resistant
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
2.5 Appearance
Dull and Banded
Veined or Pebbled
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
Not Yet Used
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
Not Yet Used
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Cement Manufacture, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, Steel Production
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
3.3 Antiquity Uses
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone
Alumina Refineries, Electricity Generation, Liquid Fuel, Manufacture of Soap, Solvents, Dyes, Plastics and Fibres, Paper Industry
4 Types
4.1 Types
Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan
Peat, Lignite, Sub-Bituminous Coal, Bituminous Coal, Anthracite, Graphite
4.2 Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates
Helps in production of Heat and Electricity, Used as fossil fuel
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.1.2 Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
1.1.3 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.1.4 Pictographs
1.1.6 Petroglyphs
1.1.8 Figurines
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
1.2 Fossils
2 Formation
2.1 Formation
Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.
Coal forms from the accumulation of plant debris in a swamp environment which is buried by sediments such as mud or sand and then compacted to form coal.
2.3 Composition
2.3.1 Mineral Content
Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon
Analcime, Apatite, Barite, Calcite, Chalcopyrite, Chlorite, Chromite, Clausthalite, Clay Minerals, Crandallite Group, Dolomite, Feldspar, Galena, Gypsum, Marcasite, Muscovite or Illite, Pyrite, Quartz, Siderite, Sphalerite, Zircon
2.3.3 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur
2.4 Transformation
2.4.1 Metamorphism
2.5.2 Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism
2.5.3 Weathering
2.5.4 Types of Weathering
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
2.5.5 Erosion
2.5.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion
Not Applicable
3 Properties
3.1 Physical Properties
3.1.1 Hardness
3.1.2 Grain Size
Fine to Medium Grained
Medium to Fine Coarse Grained
3.1.3 Fracture
3.1.4 Streak
3.1.5 Porosity
Highly Porous
Less Porous
3.1.6 Luster
Metallic
Dull to Vitreous to Submetallic
3.1.7 Compressive Strength
3.1.8 Cleavage
Not Available
Non-Existent
3.1.9 Toughness
Not Available
Not Available
3.1.10 Specific Gravity
3.1.11 Transparency
3.1.12 Density
Not Available1100-1400 g/cm3
0
1400
3.2 Thermal Properties
3.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
0.24 kJ/Kg K1.32 kJ/Kg K
0.14
3.2
3.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant
4 Reserves
4.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
4.1.1 Asia
China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea
Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Pakistan, Turkey, Vietnam
4.1.2 Africa
Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa
Botswana, Kenya, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania
4.1.3 Europe
Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom
Belgium, Bulgaria, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Kosovo, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, The Czech Republic, Ukraine, United Kingdom
4.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Not Yet Found
4.2 Deposits in Western Continents
4.2.1 North America
Canada, USA
Canada, Mexico, USA
4.2.2 South America
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela
4.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
4.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria