Gossan

Turbidite

Gossan and Turbidite

Gossan

Turbidite

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Definition

Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.

A sedimentary rock, deposit of a submarine turbidity currents and are composed of layered particles

History

Origin

Indonesia

European Foreland Basins

Discoverer

Cornish Gossen

Arnold H. Bouma

Etymology

From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit

From Medieval Latin turbiditas, from Latin turbidus (turbid). Turbidity current is from 1939

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Sedimentary Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Rough, Sandy

Mud-rich, Sandy

Color

Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan

Sedimentary rock

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates

High silica content, Host Rock for Lead

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Present

Formation

Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.

Turbidite is a type of sedimentary rock formed when a river carries or transports pieces of broken rock as it flows. These particles then settle down and are subjected to high temperature and pressures hence forming Turbidite.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon

Coesite, Quartz, Sand

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur

CaO, Carbon Dioxide, MgO

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-53

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Medium Grained

Fine to Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Splintery

Streak

White to Grey

White, Greenish White or Grey

Porosity

Highly Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Metallic

Compressive Strength

-200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Disjunctive

Toughness

2.4

Specific Gravity

2.02.46-2.73

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³1.6-2.5 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.24 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea

Africa

Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

Western Africa

Europe

Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom

Austria, Belarus, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

South America

Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Brazil, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia

New Zealand, Western Australia

All about Gossan and Turbidite Properties

Know all about Gossan and Turbidite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gossan belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Turbidite belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Gossan is Rough, Sandy whereas that of Turbidite is Mud-rich, Sandy. Gossan appears Dull and Banded and Turbidite appears Dull and Banded. The luster of Gossan and Turbidite is metallic. Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors whereas Turbidite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink colors. The commercial uses of Gossan are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, gemstone and that of Turbidite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.