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Gossan
Gossan

Ganister
Ganister



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Gossan and Ganister

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1 Definition
1.1 Definition
Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.
A ganister is a hard, fine-grained quartzose sandstone or orthoquartzite which is basically used in the manufacture of silica brick typically used to line furnaces and is a type of sedimentary rocks.
1.2 History
1.2.1 Origin
Indonesia
England
1.2.2 Discoverer
Cornish Gossen
Unknown
1.3 Etymology
From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit
From gan′is-ter i.e a hard, close-grained siliceous stone, often forming the stratum which underlies a coal-seam
1.4 Class
Metamorphic Rocks
Sedimentary Rocks
1.4.1 Sub-Class
Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock
Durable Rock, Hard Rock
1.5 Family
1.5.1 Group
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
1.6 Other Categories
Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock
2 Texture
2.1 Texture
Rough, Sandy
Clastic, Granular, Rough
2.2 Color
Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust
Beige, Black, Brown, Colourless, Cream, Dark Brown, Green, Grey, Light Green, Light to Dark Grey, Pink, Red, White, Yellow
2.3 Maintenance
Less
Less
2.4 Durability
Durable
Durable
2.4.1 Water Resistant
2.4.2 Scratch Resistant
2.4.3 Stain Resistant
2.4.4 Wind Resistant
2.4.5 Acid Resistant
2.5 Appearance
Dull and Banded
Rough
3 Uses
3.1 Architecture
3.1.1 Interior Uses
Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration
Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Flooring, Homes, Interior Decoration
3.1.2 Exterior Uses
As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings
As Building Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone
3.1.3 Other Architectural Uses
Curbing
Curbing
3.2 Industry
3.2.1 Construction Industry
As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate
Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Production of Glass and Ceramics, Raw material for the manufacture of mortar
3.2.2 Medical Industry
Not Yet Used
Not Yet Used
3.3 Antiquity Uses
Artifacts
Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines
3.4 Other Uses
3.4.1 Commercial Uses
Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone
An Oil and Gas Reservoir, In aquifers, Petroleum reservoirs, Soil Conditioner, Source of Magnesia (MgO), Tombstones
4 Types
4.1 Types
Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan
Not Available
4.2 Features
Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates
Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Very fine grained rock
4.3 Archaeological Significance
4.3.1 Monuments
Not Yet Used
Used
4.3.2 Famous Monuments
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
4.3.3 Sculpture
Not Yet Used
Used
4.3.4 Famous Sculptures
Not Applicable
Data Not Available
4.3.5 Pictographs
Used
Not Used
4.3.6 Petroglyphs
Used
Not Used
4.3.7 Figurines
Not Yet Used
Used
4.4 Fossils
Absent
Present
5 Formation
5.1 Formation
Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.
Ganisters are formed by the destruction of easily weathered minerals mainly feldspar, within the surface horizon of soil by soil-forming processes.
5.2 Composition
5.2.1 Mineral Content
Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon
Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Feldspar, Micas, Quartz
5.2.2 Compound Content
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur
Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, Potassium Oxide, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Silicon Dioxide
5.3 Transformation
5.3.1 Metamorphism
5.3.2 Types of Metamorphism
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
5.3.3 Weathering
5.3.4 Types of Weathering
Not Applicable
Biological Weathering
5.3.5 Erosion
5.3.6 Types of Erosion
Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion
Water Erosion, Wind Erosion
6 Properties
6.1 Physical Properties
6.1.1 Hardness
4-56-7
Coal
1 7
6.1.2 Grain Size
Fine to Medium Grained
Coarse or Fine
6.1.3 Fracture
Conchoidal
Splintery
6.1.4 Streak
White to Grey
White
6.1.5 Porosity
Highly Porous
Highly Porous
6.1.6 Luster
Metallic
Dull
6.1.7 Compressive Strength
NA95.00 N/mm2
What Is Obsidian
0.15 450
6.1.8 Cleavage
Not Available
Perfect
6.1.9 Toughness
Not Available
2.6
6.1.10 Specific Gravity
2.02.2-2.8
Granite
0 8.4
6.1.11 Transparency
Opaque
Opaque
6.1.12 Density
Not Available2.2-2.8 g/cm3
Granite
0 1400
6.2 Thermal Properties
6.2.1 Specific Heat Capacity
0.24 kJ/Kg K0.92 kJ/Kg K
What Is Granulite
0.14 3.2
6.2.2 Resistance
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant
7 Reserves
7.1 Deposits in Eastern Continents
7.1.1 Asia
China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea
China, India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia, Uzbekistan
7.1.2 Africa
Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa
Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa
7.1.3 Europe
Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom
Austria, Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom
7.1.4 Others
Not Yet Found
Greenland
7.2 Deposits in Western Continents
7.2.1 North America
Canada, USA
Canada, USA
7.2.2 South America
Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador
Brazil
7.3 Deposits in Oceania Continent
7.3.1 Australia
New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia
New South Wales, New Zealand

All about Gossan and Ganister Properties

Know all about Gossan and Ganister properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gossan belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Ganister belongs to Sedimentary Rocks.Texture of Gossan is Rough, Sandy whereas that of Ganister is Clastic, Granular, Rough. Gossan appears Dull and Banded and Ganister appears Rough. The luster of Gossan is metallic while that of Ganister is dull. Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors whereas Ganister is available in beige, black, brown, colourless, cream, dark brown, green, grey, light green, light to dark grey, pink, red, white, yellow colors. The commercial uses of Gossan are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, gemstone and that of Ganister are an oil and gas reservoir, in aquifers, petroleum reservoirs, soil conditioner, source of magnesia (mgo), tombstones.