Gossan

Charnockite

Gossan and Charnockite

Gossan

Charnockite

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Definition

Gossan is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein.

Charnockite is a variety of granite containing minerals like orthopyroxene, quartz, and feldspar

History

Origin

Indonesia

Tamil Nadu, India

Discoverer

Cornish Gossen

T. H. Holland

Etymology

From Cornish gossen from gos, blood from Old Cornish guit

From Job Charnock, an administtrator of East India Company

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Plutonic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Rough, Sandy

Granular

Color

Brown, Brown- Black, Gold, Green, Rust

Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Homes, Hotels, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Resorts

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Cemetery Markers, Commemorative Tablets, Gemstone

Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Types

Translocated gossan and Leakage gossan

Enderbite

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Easily splits into thin plates

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Earth movements can cause rocks to be either deeply buried or squeezed and hence the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.

Charnockite is an intrusive igneous rock which is very hard and is formed due to weathering of existing rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Bronzite, Calcite, Chert, Epidote, Feldspar, Hornblende, Micas, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz, Sulfides, Zircon

Amphibole, Biotite, Feldspar, Hornblade, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Olivine, Plagioclase, Pyroxene, Quartz

Compound Content

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Fe, FeO, Silicon Dioxide, Sulphur

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

4-56-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine to Medium Grained

Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

White to Grey

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Very Less Porous

Luster

Metallic

Compressive Strength

-190.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.0-9999

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

-9999 g/cm³2.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.24 kJ/Kg K0.84 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Singapore, South Korea

India

Africa

Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, South Africa, Western Africa

East Africa, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique

Europe

Albania, France, Germany, Great Britain, United Kingdom

Albania, Romania, Scotland, United Kingdom

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

USA

South America

Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Gossan and Charnockite Properties

Know all about Gossan and Charnockite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Gossan belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Charnockite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Gossan is Rough, Sandy whereas that of Charnockite is Granular. Gossan appears Dull and Banded and Charnockite appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Gossan is metallic while that of Charnockite is . Gossan is available in brown, brown- black, gold, green, rust colors whereas Charnockite is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Gossan are cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, gemstone and that of Charnockite are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, tombstones.