Chalk

Eclogite

Chalk and Eclogite

Chalk

Eclogite

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Definition

Chalk is a soft, white, powdery limestone consisting mainly of fossil shells of foraminifers

Eclogite is an extreme metamorphic rock, formed by regional metamorphism of basalt rock under very high pressure and temperature

History

Origin

Discoverer

Unknown

René Just Haüy

Etymology

From old English cealc chalk, lime, plaster; pebble, from Greek khalix small pebble, in English transferred to the opaque, white, soft limestone

From French, Greek eklogē selection with reference to the selective content of the rock + -ite1

Class

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphic Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Soft Rock

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic or Non-Clastic

Earthy

Color

Grey, White, Yellow

Black, Brown, Green, Grey, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Soft

Dull, Banded and Foilated

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes, Interior Decoration

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Paving Stone, Garden Decoration

Other Architectural Uses

Powder

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate, Making natural cement, raw material for manufacture of quicklime and slaked lime, Source of calcium

Medical Industry

In Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry, Medicines and Cosmetics

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Alumina Refineries, Creating Artwork, Drawing on blackboards, Gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, In aquifers, Paper Industry, Production of Lime, Raw material for manufacture of quicklime, slaked lime, Soil Conditioner, Whiting, Whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper

Creating Artwork, Gemstone

Types

Chalk Marl and Marl

Eclogite

Features

Clasts are smooth to touch, Is one of the oldest rock, Smooth to touch, Very fine grained rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Generally rough to touch, Is one of the oldest rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Present

Absent

Formation

Chalk is formed from lime mud, which accumulates on the sea floor which is then transformed into rock by geological processes.

Eclogite forms from high-pressure metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks mainly, basalt or gabbro as it plunges into the mantle in a subduction zone.

Composition

Mineral Content

Calcite, Clay, Clay Minerals, Quartz, Sand

Amphibole, Coesite, Corundum, Dolomite, Garnet, Kyanite, Lawsonite, Paragonite, Phengite, Pyroxene, Quartz, Rutile, Zoisite

Compound Content

Ca, NaCl, CaO

Aluminium Oxide, NaCl, CaO, Carbon Dioxide, Iron(III) Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, MgO, Sodium Oxide, Potassium, Sodium

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Coastal Erosion, Water Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

13.5-4

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Very fine-grained

Fine Grained

Fracture

Streak

White

Porosity

Highly Porous

Less Porous

Luster

Dull

Subvitreous to Dull

Compressive Strength

5.00 N/mm²200.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Perfect

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.3-2.42.86-2.87

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Opaque

Density

2.49-2.50 g/cm³3.2-3.6 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.90 kJ/Kg K0.75 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam

India, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Russia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey

Africa

Cameroon, Chad, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe

Ethiopia, Morocco, South Africa

Europe

England, France, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom

France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Scotland

Others

Greenland

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

Canada, Costa Rica, Panama, USA

South America

Colombia

Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Adelaide, New Zealand, Queensland, Victoria, Yorke Peninsula

Central Australia, New Zealand, Queensland

All about Chalk and Eclogite Properties

Know all about Chalk and Eclogite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Chalk belongs to Sedimentary Rocks while Eclogite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks.Texture of Chalk is Clastic or Non-Clastic whereas that of Eclogite is Earthy. Chalk appears Soft and Eclogite appears Dull, Banded and Foilated. The luster of Chalk is dull while that of Eclogite is subvitreous to dull. Chalk is available in grey, white, yellow colors whereas Eclogite is available in black, brown, green, grey, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Chalk are alumina refineries, creating artwork, drawing on blackboards, gymnasts, athletes and mountain climbers use for grip, in aquifers, paper industry, production of lime, raw material for manufacture of quicklime, slaked lime, soil conditioner, whiting, whiting material in toothpaste, paint and paper and that of Eclogite are creating artwork, gemstone.