Cataclasite

Tachylite

Cataclasite and Tachylite

Cataclasite

Tachylite

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Definition

Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix

Tachylite is a vitreous form of basaltic volcanic glass. This glass is formed naturally by the rapid cooling of molten basalt

History

Origin

Swiss Alps, Europe

Iceland

Discoverer

Michael Tellinger

Unknown

Etymology

From the Italian word cataclasi

From German Tachylite, from tachy- + Greek lutos soluble, melting

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Vitreous

Color

Brown, Green, White, Yellow

Black, Dark Brown

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Glassy

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Decorative Aggregates, Interior Decoration

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Garden Decoration, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

Cutting Tool, Knives, Landscaping, Scrapers

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Cemetery Markers, Creating Artwork

Types

Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite

Volcanic glass

Features

Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, Clasts are smooth to touch

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Tachylite is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz

Feldspar, Olivine

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Fe, Mg

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Cataclastic Metamorphism, Contact Metamorphism, Hydrothermal Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism, Regional Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering, Chemical Weathering, Mechanical Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Chemical Erosion, Sea Erosion, Water Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-45.5

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Conchoidal

Streak

Black

Vermilion

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Resinous

Compressive Strength

50.00 N/mm²206.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.12.4

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

Density

2.9-3.1 g/cm³3.058 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.56 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

Cambodia, Russia, South Korea

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa

East Africa

Europe

England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom

England, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Scotland, Sweden

Others

Hawaii Islands

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

USA

South America

Argentina, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

Victoria

All about Cataclasite and Tachylite Properties

Know all about Cataclasite and Tachylite properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Cataclasite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Tachylite belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Cataclasite is Clastic whereas that of Tachylite is Vitreous. Cataclasite appears Dull and Banded and Tachylite appears Glassy. The luster of Cataclasite is vitreous while that of Tachylite is resinous. Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors whereas Tachylite is available in black, dark brown colors. The commercial uses of Cataclasite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Tachylite are cemetery markers, creating artwork.