Cataclasite

Granophyre

Cataclasite and Granophyre

Cataclasite

Granophyre

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Definition

Cataclasite is a type of cataclastic rock that is formed by fracturing and comminution during faulting. It is normally cohesive and non-foliated, consisting of angular clasts in a finer-grained matrix

Granophyre is a type of granitic rock which consists of intergrown feldspar and quartz crystals in a medium to fine grained groundmass

History

Origin

Swiss Alps, Europe

Discoverer

Michael Tellinger

Unknown

Etymology

From the Italian word cataclasi

From German Granophyr, from Granit granite + Porphyr

Class

Metamorphic Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Sub-Class

Durable Rock, Medium Hardness Rock

Durable Rock, Hard Rock

Family

Group

Volcanic

Other Categories

Fine Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Coarse Grained Rock, Fine Grained Rock, Medium Grained Rock, Opaque Rock

Texture

Clastic

Granophyric

Color

Brown, Green, White, Yellow

Black, Grey, Orange, Pink, White

Maintenance

Less

Durability

Durable

Water Resistant

✔ ✘

Scratch Resistant

✔ ✘

Stain Resistant

✔ ✘

Wind Resistant

✔ ✘

Acid Resistant

✔ ✘

Appearance

Dull and Banded

Veined or Pebbled

Uses

Architecture

Interior Uses

Decorative Aggregates, Homes

Bathrooms, Countertops, Decorative Aggregates, Entryways, Floor Tiles, Flooring, Homes, Hotels, Interior Decoration, Kitchens, Stair Treads

Exterior Uses

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Paving Stone

As Building Stone, As Facing Stone, Bridges, Garden Decoration, Office Buildings, Paving Stone

Other Architectural Uses

Curbing

Industry

Construction Industry

As Dimension Stone, Building houses or walls, Cement Manufacture, Construction Aggregate, for Road Aggregate

As Dimension Stone

Medical Industry

Antiquity Uses

Artifacts

Artifacts, Monuments, Sculpture, Small Figurines

Other Uses

Commercial Uses

Commemorative Tablets, Creating Artwork

Curling, Gemstone, Laboratory bench tops, Tombstones

Types

Protocataclasite, Mesocataclasite, Ultracataclasite and Foliated cataclasite

Intermediate intrusive rock

Features

Easily splits into thin plates, Is one of the oldest rock

Available in Lots of Colors and Patterns, It is One of the Oldest, Strongest and Hardest Rock

Archaeological Significance

Monuments

Famous Monuments

Sculpture

Famous Sculptures

Pictographs

Petroglyphs

Figurines

Fossils

Absent

Formation

Cataclasiste rocks mainly form by pressure deep under the Earth's surface, from the extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates.

Granophyre is a fine-grained, hard rock which is a type of metasomatite, essentially altered basalt. It forms with or without crystallization, either below the surface as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks.

Composition

Mineral Content

Albite, Apatite, Augite, Biotite, Calcite, Enstatite, Epidote, Feldspar, Micas, Muscovite or Illite, Pyroxene, Quartz

Hornblade, Orthoclase, Plagioclase, Quartz

Compound Content

Silicon Dioxide

Aluminium Oxide, CaO, Iron(III) Oxide, FeO, Potassium Oxide, MgO, MnO, Sodium Oxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide, Silicon Dioxide, Titanium Dioxide

Transformation

Metamorphism

✔ ✘

Types of Metamorphism

Burial Metamorphism, Impact Metamorphism

Weathering

✔ ✘

Types of Weathering

Mechanical Weathering

Biological Weathering

Erosion

✔ ✘

Types of Erosion

Coastal Erosion, Wind Erosion

Glacier Erosion, Sea Erosion, Wind Erosion

Properties

Physical Properties

Hardness

3-46-7

1 7

👆🏻

Grain Size

Fine Grained

Medium to Fine Coarse Grained

Fracture

Streak

Black

White

Porosity

Less Porous

Luster

Vitreous

Dull to Grainy with Sporadic parts Pearly and Vitreous

Compressive Strength

50.00 N/mm²175.00 N/mm²

0.15 450

👆🏻

Cleavage

Toughness

Specific Gravity

2.12.6-2.7

0 8.4

👆🏻

Transparency

Translucent to Opaque

Opaque

Density

2.9-3.1 g/cm³2.6-2.8 g/cm³

0 1400

👆🏻

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat Capacity

0.84 kJ/Kg K0.79 kJ/Kg K

0.14 3.2

👆🏻

Resistance

Heat Resistant, Impact Resistant, Pressure Resistant

Heat Resistant, Wear Resistant

Reserves

Deposits in Eastern Continents

Asia

China, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

China, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Vietnam

Africa

Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Morocco, South Africa

Angola, Egypt, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa

Europe

England, Finland, France, Spain, United Kingdom

Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sardinia, Spain, Switzerland, The Czech Republic

Others

Deposits in Western Continents

North America

Canada, USA

South America

Argentina, Colombia

Deposits in Oceania Continent

Australia

Central Australia, Western Australia

All about Cataclasite and Granophyre Properties

Know all about Cataclasite and Granophyre properties here. All properties of rocks are important as they define the type of rock and its application. Cataclasite belongs to Metamorphic Rocks while Granophyre belongs to Igneous Rocks.Texture of Cataclasite is Clastic whereas that of Granophyre is Granophyric. Cataclasite appears Dull and Banded and Granophyre appears Veined or Pebbled. The luster of Cataclasite is vitreous while that of Granophyre is dull to grainy with sporadic parts pearly and vitreous. Cataclasite is available in brown, green, white, yellow colors whereas Granophyre is available in black, grey, orange, pink, white colors. The commercial uses of Cataclasite are commemorative tablets, creating artwork and that of Granophyre are curling, gemstone, laboratory bench tops, tombstones.